Abstract
Aims: This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the additional effect of exercise to hypocaloric diet on body weight, body composition, glycaemic control and cardio-respiratory fitness in adults with overweight or obesity and type 2 diabetes. Methods: Embase, Medline, Web of Science and Cochrane Central databases were evaluated, and 11 studies were included. Random-effects meta-analysis was performed on body weight and measures of body composition and glycaemic control, to compare the effect of hypocaloric diet plus exercise with hypocaloric diet alone. Results: Exercise interventions consisted of walking or jogging, cycle ergometer training, football training or resistance training and duration varied from 2 to 52 weeks. Body weight and measures of body composition and glycaemic control decreased during both the combined intervention and hypocaloric diet alone. Mean difference in change of body weight (−0.77 kg [95% CI: −2.03; 0.50]), BMI (−0.34 kg/m2 [95% CI: −0.73; 0.05]), waist circumference (−1.42 cm [95% CI: −3.84; 1.00]), fat-free mass (−0.18 kg [95% CI: −0.52; 0.17]), fat mass (−1.61 kg [95% CI: −4.42; 1.19]), fasting glucose (+0.14 mmol/L [95% CI: −0.02; 0.30]), HbA1c (−1 mmol/mol [95% CI: −3; 1], −0.1% [95% CI: −0.2; 0.1]) and HOMA-IR (+0.01 [95% CI: −0.40; 0.42]) was not statistically different between the combined intervention and hypocaloric diet alone. Two studies reported VO2max and showed significant increases upon the addition of exercise to hypocaloric diet. Conclusions: Based on limited data, we did not find additional effects of exercise to hypocaloric diet in adults with overweight or obesity and type 2 diabetes on body weight, body composition or glycaemic control, while cardio-respiratory fitness improved.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | e15096 |
| Pages (from-to) | e15096 |
| Journal | Diabetic Medicine |
| Volume | 40 |
| Issue number | 7 |
| Early online date | 30 Mar 2023 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Jul 2023 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:We gratefully acknowledge the expert assistance of Wichor M. Bramer, biomedical information specialist at Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, in supervising the search strategy and executing the search. This research was supported by the Dutch Research Council (NWO) (grant number 023.009.065).
Funding Information:
We gratefully acknowledge the expert assistance of Wichor M. Bramer, biomedical information specialist at Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, in supervising the search strategy and executing the search. This research was supported by the Dutch Research Council (NWO) (grant number 023.009.065).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Authors. Diabetic Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Diabetes UK.
