An easy and sensitive method to profile the antibody specificities of HLA-specific memory b cells

Gonca E. Karahan; Juliette Krop; Caroline Wehmeier; Yvonne J.H. De Vaal; Janneke Langerak-Langerak; Dave L. Roelen; Neubury M. Lardy; Frederike J. Bemelman; Ineke J.M. Ten Berge; Marlies E.J. Reinders; Cees Van Kooten; Frans H.J. Claas; Sebastiaan Heidt

doi:10.1097/TP.0000000000002516

An easy and sensitive method to profile the antibody specificities of HLA-specific memory b cells

Gonca E. Karahan^*, Juliette Krop, Caroline Wehmeier, Yvonne J.H. De Vaal, Janneke Langerak-Langerak, Dave L. Roelen, Neubury M. Lardy, Frederike J. Bemelman, Ineke J.M. Ten Berge, Marlies E.J. Reinders, Cees Van Kooten, Frans H.J. Claas, Sebastiaan Heidt

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

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Abstract

Background. Pretransplant immunological risk assessment is currently based on donor-specific HLA antibodies in serum. Despite being an excellent source for antibodies produced by bone marrow-residing plasma cells, serum analysis does not provide information on the memory B-cell compartment. Although B-cell culture supernatants can be used to detect memory B cell-derived HLA antibodies, low IgG concentrations can preclude detectability of HLA antibodies in luminex single-antigen bead (SAB) assays. Methods. Culture supernatants of polyclonally activated B cells from alloantigen exposed (n = 13) or nonexposed (n = 10) individuals were either concentrated 10-fold, or IgG was isolated by using a protein G affinity purification method to increase the IgG concentration. These processed culture supernatants, as well as paired serum samples were tested for the presence of HLA antibodies using luminex SAB analysis. Results. In immunized individuals, 64% were found to have HLA-specific B-cell memory in concentrated supernatants, whereas 82% showed HLA-specific B-cell memory when IgG isolated supernatants were used for HLA antibody detection. IgG-isolated supernatants showed higher mean fluorescence intensity values compared with concentrated supernatants without increased background. In some individuals, HLA-specific B-cell memory was detected in the absence of accompanying serum antibody specificities. Conclusions. We developed a novel, highly sensitive method to assess the HLA-specific memory B-cell compartment using luminex SAB technology. This assay allows direct comparison to the serum compartment and may therefore provide a more complete picture of the humoral alloimmune response in patients with a history of alloantigen exposure.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	716-723
Number of pages	8
Journal	Transplantation
Volume	103
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1097/TP.0000000000002516
Publication status	Published - Apr 2019
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
1Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. 2Department of Immunogenetics, Sanquin Diagnostic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. 3Renal Transplant Unit, Department of Nephrology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. 4Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. National Reference Center for Histocompatibility Testing, the Netherlands and the Dutch Transplant Society Astellas Transplantation Research Award 2017. CW was funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation. G.E.K. designed the study, performed experiments, analyzed data, wrote article. J.K., Yd.V., J.L.L. performed experiments. C.W. performed the

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© 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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10.1097/TP.0000000000002516Licence: CC BY

An Easy and Sensitive Method to Profile the Antibody Specificities of HLA–specific Memory B CellsFinal published version, 617 KBLicence: CC BY

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Karahan, G. E., Krop, J., Wehmeier, C., De Vaal, Y. J. H., Langerak-Langerak, J., Roelen, D. L., Lardy, N. M., Bemelman, F. J., Ten Berge, I. J. M., Reinders, M. E. J., Van Kooten, C., Claas, F. H. J., & Heidt, S. (2019). An easy and sensitive method to profile the antibody specificities of HLA-specific memory b cells. Transplantation, 103(4), 716-723. https://doi.org/10.1097/TP.0000000000002516

@article{34556c56fc9c4bd682f17078560d5535,

title = "An easy and sensitive method to profile the antibody specificities of HLA-specific memory b cells",

abstract = "Background. Pretransplant immunological risk assessment is currently based on donor-specific HLA antibodies in serum. Despite being an excellent source for antibodies produced by bone marrow-residing plasma cells, serum analysis does not provide information on the memory B-cell compartment. Although B-cell culture supernatants can be used to detect memory B cell-derived HLA antibodies, low IgG concentrations can preclude detectability of HLA antibodies in luminex single-antigen bead (SAB) assays. Methods. Culture supernatants of polyclonally activated B cells from alloantigen exposed (n = 13) or nonexposed (n = 10) individuals were either concentrated 10-fold, or IgG was isolated by using a protein G affinity purification method to increase the IgG concentration. These processed culture supernatants, as well as paired serum samples were tested for the presence of HLA antibodies using luminex SAB analysis. Results. In immunized individuals, 64% were found to have HLA-specific B-cell memory in concentrated supernatants, whereas 82% showed HLA-specific B-cell memory when IgG isolated supernatants were used for HLA antibody detection. IgG-isolated supernatants showed higher mean fluorescence intensity values compared with concentrated supernatants without increased background. In some individuals, HLA-specific B-cell memory was detected in the absence of accompanying serum antibody specificities. Conclusions. We developed a novel, highly sensitive method to assess the HLA-specific memory B-cell compartment using luminex SAB technology. This assay allows direct comparison to the serum compartment and may therefore provide a more complete picture of the humoral alloimmune response in patients with a history of alloantigen exposure.",

author = "Karahan, {Gonca E.} and Juliette Krop and Caroline Wehmeier and {De Vaal}, {Yvonne J.H.} and Janneke Langerak-Langerak and Roelen, {Dave L.} and Lardy, {Neubury M.} and Bemelman, {Frederike J.} and {Ten Berge}, {Ineke J.M.} and Reinders, {Marlies E.J.} and {Van Kooten}, Cees and Claas, {Frans H.J.} and Sebastiaan Heidt",

note = "Funding Information: 1Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. 2Department of Immunogenetics, Sanquin Diagnostic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. 3Renal Transplant Unit, Department of Nephrology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. 4Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. National Reference Center for Histocompatibility Testing, the Netherlands and the Dutch Transplant Society Astellas Transplantation Research Award 2017. CW was funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation. G.E.K. designed the study, performed experiments, analyzed data, wrote article. J.K., Yd.V., J.L.L. performed experiments. C.W. performed the Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.",

year = "2019",

month = apr,

doi = "10.1097/TP.0000000000002516",

language = "English",

volume = "103",

pages = "716--723",

journal = "Transplantation",

issn = "0041-1337",

publisher = "Lippincott Williams & Wilkins",

number = "4",

}

Karahan, GE, Krop, J, Wehmeier, C, De Vaal, YJH, Langerak-Langerak, J, Roelen, DL, Lardy, NM, Bemelman, FJ, Ten Berge, IJM, Reinders, MEJ, Van Kooten, C, Claas, FHJ & Heidt, S 2019, 'An easy and sensitive method to profile the antibody specificities of HLA-specific memory b cells', Transplantation, vol. 103, no. 4, pp. 716-723. https://doi.org/10.1097/TP.0000000000002516

TY - JOUR

T1 - An easy and sensitive method to profile the antibody specificities of HLA-specific memory b cells

AU - Karahan, Gonca E.

AU - Krop, Juliette

AU - Wehmeier, Caroline

AU - De Vaal, Yvonne J.H.

AU - Langerak-Langerak, Janneke

AU - Roelen, Dave L.

AU - Lardy, Neubury M.

AU - Bemelman, Frederike J.

AU - Ten Berge, Ineke J.M.

AU - Reinders, Marlies E.J.

AU - Van Kooten, Cees

AU - Claas, Frans H.J.

AU - Heidt, Sebastiaan

N1 - Funding Information: 1Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. 2Department of Immunogenetics, Sanquin Diagnostic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. 3Renal Transplant Unit, Department of Nephrology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. 4Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. National Reference Center for Histocompatibility Testing, the Netherlands and the Dutch Transplant Society Astellas Transplantation Research Award 2017. CW was funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation. G.E.K. designed the study, performed experiments, analyzed data, wrote article. J.K., Yd.V., J.L.L. performed experiments. C.W. performed the Publisher Copyright: © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

PY - 2019/4

Y1 - 2019/4

N2 - Background. Pretransplant immunological risk assessment is currently based on donor-specific HLA antibodies in serum. Despite being an excellent source for antibodies produced by bone marrow-residing plasma cells, serum analysis does not provide information on the memory B-cell compartment. Although B-cell culture supernatants can be used to detect memory B cell-derived HLA antibodies, low IgG concentrations can preclude detectability of HLA antibodies in luminex single-antigen bead (SAB) assays. Methods. Culture supernatants of polyclonally activated B cells from alloantigen exposed (n = 13) or nonexposed (n = 10) individuals were either concentrated 10-fold, or IgG was isolated by using a protein G affinity purification method to increase the IgG concentration. These processed culture supernatants, as well as paired serum samples were tested for the presence of HLA antibodies using luminex SAB analysis. Results. In immunized individuals, 64% were found to have HLA-specific B-cell memory in concentrated supernatants, whereas 82% showed HLA-specific B-cell memory when IgG isolated supernatants were used for HLA antibody detection. IgG-isolated supernatants showed higher mean fluorescence intensity values compared with concentrated supernatants without increased background. In some individuals, HLA-specific B-cell memory was detected in the absence of accompanying serum antibody specificities. Conclusions. We developed a novel, highly sensitive method to assess the HLA-specific memory B-cell compartment using luminex SAB technology. This assay allows direct comparison to the serum compartment and may therefore provide a more complete picture of the humoral alloimmune response in patients with a history of alloantigen exposure.

AB - Background. Pretransplant immunological risk assessment is currently based on donor-specific HLA antibodies in serum. Despite being an excellent source for antibodies produced by bone marrow-residing plasma cells, serum analysis does not provide information on the memory B-cell compartment. Although B-cell culture supernatants can be used to detect memory B cell-derived HLA antibodies, low IgG concentrations can preclude detectability of HLA antibodies in luminex single-antigen bead (SAB) assays. Methods. Culture supernatants of polyclonally activated B cells from alloantigen exposed (n = 13) or nonexposed (n = 10) individuals were either concentrated 10-fold, or IgG was isolated by using a protein G affinity purification method to increase the IgG concentration. These processed culture supernatants, as well as paired serum samples were tested for the presence of HLA antibodies using luminex SAB analysis. Results. In immunized individuals, 64% were found to have HLA-specific B-cell memory in concentrated supernatants, whereas 82% showed HLA-specific B-cell memory when IgG isolated supernatants were used for HLA antibody detection. IgG-isolated supernatants showed higher mean fluorescence intensity values compared with concentrated supernatants without increased background. In some individuals, HLA-specific B-cell memory was detected in the absence of accompanying serum antibody specificities. Conclusions. We developed a novel, highly sensitive method to assess the HLA-specific memory B-cell compartment using luminex SAB technology. This assay allows direct comparison to the serum compartment and may therefore provide a more complete picture of the humoral alloimmune response in patients with a history of alloantigen exposure.

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U2 - 10.1097/TP.0000000000002516

DO - 10.1097/TP.0000000000002516

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AN - SCOPUS:85063711705

VL - 103

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EP - 723

JO - Transplantation

JF - Transplantation

SN - 0041-1337

IS - 4

ER -

An easy and sensitive method to profile the antibody specificities of HLA-specific memory b cells

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