Association between Clinical Frailty Scale and mortality 24 months after hospitalisation in adult patients with COVID-19

Julia Minnema; Melvin Lafeber; Roos S.G. Sablerolles; COMET-, and COOP-research group; Janneke A.L. van Kempen; Lisanne Tap; Harmke A. Polinder-Bos; Bob P.A. van de Loo; Hugo van der Kuy; Miriam C. Faes

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e40456

Association between Clinical Frailty Scale and mortality 24 months after hospitalisation in adult patients with COVID-19

Julia Minnema^*, Melvin Lafeber, Roos S.G. Sablerolles, COMET-, and COOP-research group, Janneke A.L. van Kempen, Lisanne Tap, Harmke A. Polinder-Bos, Bob P.A. van de Loo, Hugo van der Kuy, Miriam C. Faes

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

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Abstract

Background:

The clinical frailty scale (CFS) was used as a triage tool for medical decision making during the COVID-19 pandemic. The CFS has been posed as a suitable risk marker for in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients. We evaluated whether the CFS is associated with mortality 24 months after hospitalisation for COVID-19.

Methods:

The COvid MEdicaTion (COMET) study is an international, multicentre, observational cohort study, including adult patients hospitalised for COVID-19 between March 2020–July 2020. Patients’ characteristics, prescribed medication, clinical characteristics, and CFS were collected at admission, survival data were collected 24 months after hospitalisation. Multivariable cox proportional hazard models stratified by age (<65 and ≥65 years), and adjusted for covariates (age, sex, number of drugs, and types of drug class as a proxy for comorbidities) were used to study the association between the CFS and 24-month mortality after hospitalisation.

Results:

In this study, 1238 fit (CFS 1–3), 478 mildly frail (CFS 4–5), and 235 frail (CFS 6–9) patients were included for baseline analysis (median age 68 years (IQR 58–78); 58.5 % male). Frailty was associated with an increased risk of 24-month mortality after hospitalisation in older patients (HR 1.91, 95 % CI [1.17–3.12]), in younger adults a trend was seen (HR 3.13, 95 % CI [0.86–11.36]).

Conclusion:

The results suggest that the CFS is an indicator for mortality 24 months after hospitalisation in COVID-19 patients.

Original language	English
Article number	e40456
Journal	Heliyon
Volume	10
Issue number	23
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e40456
Publication status	Published - 15 Dec 2024

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Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 The Authors

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Association between Clinical Frailty Scale and mortality 24 months after hospitalisation in adult patients with COVID-19Final published version, 757 KBLicence: CC BY

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Minnema, J., Lafeber, M., Sablerolles, R. S. G., COMET-, and COOP-research group, van Kempen, J. A. L., Tap, L., Polinder-Bos, H. A., van de Loo, B. P. A., van der Kuy, H., & Faes, M. C. (2024). Association between Clinical Frailty Scale and mortality 24 months after hospitalisation in adult patients with COVID-19. Heliyon, 10(23), Article e40456. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e40456

@article{c44acb8820dd4879a8f7cab929f7e780,

title = "Association between Clinical Frailty Scale and mortality 24 months after hospitalisation in adult patients with COVID-19",

abstract = "Background: The clinical frailty scale (CFS) was used as a triage tool for medical decision making during the COVID-19 pandemic. The CFS has been posed as a suitable risk marker for in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients. We evaluated whether the CFS is associated with mortality 24 months after hospitalisation for COVID-19. Methods: The COvid MEdicaTion (COMET) study is an international, multicentre, observational cohort study, including adult patients hospitalised for COVID-19 between March 2020–July 2020. Patients{\textquoteright} characteristics, prescribed medication, clinical characteristics, and CFS were collected at admission, survival data were collected 24 months after hospitalisation. Multivariable cox proportional hazard models stratified by age (<65 and ≥65 years), and adjusted for covariates (age, sex, number of drugs, and types of drug class as a proxy for comorbidities) were used to study the association between the CFS and 24-month mortality after hospitalisation. Results: In this study, 1238 fit (CFS 1–3), 478 mildly frail (CFS 4–5), and 235 frail (CFS 6–9) patients were included for baseline analysis (median age 68 years (IQR 58–78); 58.5 % male). Frailty was associated with an increased risk of 24-month mortality after hospitalisation in older patients (HR 1.91, 95 % CI [1.17–3.12]), in younger adults a trend was seen (HR 3.13, 95 % CI [0.86–11.36]). Conclusion: The results suggest that the CFS is an indicator for mortality 24 months after hospitalisation in COVID-19 patients.",

author = "Julia Minnema and Melvin Lafeber and Sablerolles, {Roos S.G.} and {COMET-, and COOP-research group} and {van Kempen}, {Janneke A.L.} and Lisanne Tap and Polinder-Bos, {Harmke A.} and {van de Loo}, {Bob P.A.} and {van der Kuy}, Hugo and Faes, {Miriam C.} and Jacomien Aleman and Jos Tournoy and {Van der Linden}, Lorenz and Marco Gambera and Isabella Martignoni and {Van Etten}, Ronald and {van Onzenoort}, Hein and Mariette Kappers and {van Wijngaarden}, Peter and Jose Verstijnen and Vera Theeuwes and Marleen Kemper and Elise Slob and Ferdi Sombogaard and Heshu Abdullah-Koolmees and {van den Berg}, Roland and {de Wit}, Hugo and Betul Dilek and Freija Hogenhuis and Vahid Buyukayten and {te Brake}, Britt and Margriet Nieuwenhuijzen and Maria Scheeren and {de Wit}, Madelief and Arjan Bulsink and {van Haelst}, Ingrid and {ter Horst}, Peter and Rosalie Moorlag and Anja Vos and Annemiek Otten-Helmers and {van Kan}, Erik and Marieke Ebbens and Loes Visser and Zahira Getrouw and Kajie Liang and Langeza Saleh and Linda Hendriksen and {van der Linden}, Paul and Saskia Coenradie and Louise Andrews and Rosanne Kranenburg",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2024 The Authors",

year = "2024",

month = dec,

day = "15",

doi = "10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e40456",

language = "English",

volume = "10",

journal = "Heliyon",

issn = "2405-8440",

publisher = "Elsevier Ltd.",

number = "23",

}

Minnema, J , Lafeber, M , Sablerolles, RSG, COMET-, and COOP-research group, van Kempen, JAL, Tap, L , Polinder-Bos, HA , van de Loo, BPA , van der Kuy, H & Faes, MC 2024, 'Association between Clinical Frailty Scale and mortality 24 months after hospitalisation in adult patients with COVID-19', Heliyon, vol. 10, no. 23, e40456. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e40456

TY - JOUR

T1 - Association between Clinical Frailty Scale and mortality 24 months after hospitalisation in adult patients with COVID-19

AU - Minnema, Julia

AU - Lafeber, Melvin

AU - Sablerolles, Roos S.G.

AU - COMET-, and COOP-research group

AU - van Kempen, Janneke A.L.

AU - Tap, Lisanne

AU - Polinder-Bos, Harmke A.

AU - van de Loo, Bob P.A.

AU - van der Kuy, Hugo

AU - Faes, Miriam C.

AU - Aleman, Jacomien

AU - Tournoy, Jos

AU - Van der Linden, Lorenz

AU - Gambera, Marco

AU - Martignoni, Isabella

AU - Van Etten, Ronald

AU - van Onzenoort, Hein

AU - Kappers, Mariette

AU - van Wijngaarden, Peter

AU - Verstijnen, Jose

AU - Theeuwes, Vera

AU - Kemper, Marleen

AU - Slob, Elise

AU - Sombogaard, Ferdi

AU - Abdullah-Koolmees, Heshu

AU - van den Berg, Roland

AU - de Wit, Hugo

AU - Dilek, Betul

AU - Hogenhuis, Freija

AU - Buyukayten, Vahid

AU - te Brake, Britt

AU - Nieuwenhuijzen, Margriet

AU - Scheeren, Maria

AU - de Wit, Madelief

AU - Bulsink, Arjan

AU - van Haelst, Ingrid

AU - ter Horst, Peter

AU - Moorlag, Rosalie

AU - Vos, Anja

AU - Otten-Helmers, Annemiek

AU - van Kan, Erik

AU - Ebbens, Marieke

AU - Visser, Loes

AU - Getrouw, Zahira

AU - Liang, Kajie

AU - Saleh, Langeza

AU - Hendriksen, Linda

AU - van der Linden, Paul

AU - Coenradie, Saskia

AU - Andrews, Louise

AU - Kranenburg, Rosanne

PY - 2024/12/15

Y1 - 2024/12/15

N2 - Background: The clinical frailty scale (CFS) was used as a triage tool for medical decision making during the COVID-19 pandemic. The CFS has been posed as a suitable risk marker for in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients. We evaluated whether the CFS is associated with mortality 24 months after hospitalisation for COVID-19. Methods: The COvid MEdicaTion (COMET) study is an international, multicentre, observational cohort study, including adult patients hospitalised for COVID-19 between March 2020–July 2020. Patients’ characteristics, prescribed medication, clinical characteristics, and CFS were collected at admission, survival data were collected 24 months after hospitalisation. Multivariable cox proportional hazard models stratified by age (<65 and ≥65 years), and adjusted for covariates (age, sex, number of drugs, and types of drug class as a proxy for comorbidities) were used to study the association between the CFS and 24-month mortality after hospitalisation. Results: In this study, 1238 fit (CFS 1–3), 478 mildly frail (CFS 4–5), and 235 frail (CFS 6–9) patients were included for baseline analysis (median age 68 years (IQR 58–78); 58.5 % male). Frailty was associated with an increased risk of 24-month mortality after hospitalisation in older patients (HR 1.91, 95 % CI [1.17–3.12]), in younger adults a trend was seen (HR 3.13, 95 % CI [0.86–11.36]). Conclusion: The results suggest that the CFS is an indicator for mortality 24 months after hospitalisation in COVID-19 patients.

AB - Background: The clinical frailty scale (CFS) was used as a triage tool for medical decision making during the COVID-19 pandemic. The CFS has been posed as a suitable risk marker for in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients. We evaluated whether the CFS is associated with mortality 24 months after hospitalisation for COVID-19. Methods: The COvid MEdicaTion (COMET) study is an international, multicentre, observational cohort study, including adult patients hospitalised for COVID-19 between March 2020–July 2020. Patients’ characteristics, prescribed medication, clinical characteristics, and CFS were collected at admission, survival data were collected 24 months after hospitalisation. Multivariable cox proportional hazard models stratified by age (<65 and ≥65 years), and adjusted for covariates (age, sex, number of drugs, and types of drug class as a proxy for comorbidities) were used to study the association between the CFS and 24-month mortality after hospitalisation. Results: In this study, 1238 fit (CFS 1–3), 478 mildly frail (CFS 4–5), and 235 frail (CFS 6–9) patients were included for baseline analysis (median age 68 years (IQR 58–78); 58.5 % male). Frailty was associated with an increased risk of 24-month mortality after hospitalisation in older patients (HR 1.91, 95 % CI [1.17–3.12]), in younger adults a trend was seen (HR 3.13, 95 % CI [0.86–11.36]). Conclusion: The results suggest that the CFS is an indicator for mortality 24 months after hospitalisation in COVID-19 patients.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85210364566&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e40456

DO - 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e40456

M3 - Article

C2 - 39688505

AN - SCOPUS:85210364566

SN - 2405-8440

VL - 10

JO - Heliyon

JF - Heliyon

IS - 23

M1 - e40456

ER -

Association between Clinical Frailty Scale and mortality 24 months after hospitalisation in adult patients with COVID-19

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