TY - JOUR
T1 - Classification of Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease Using Manual Motor Measures
AU - Koppelmans, Vincent
AU - Ruitenberg, Marit F.L.
AU - Schaefer, Sydney Y.
AU - King, Jace B.
AU - Jacobo, Jasmine M.
AU - Silvester, Benjamin P.
AU - Mejia, Amanda F.
AU - Van Der Geest, Jos
AU - Hoffman, John M.
AU - Tasdizen, Tolga
AU - Duff, Kevin
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2024 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.
PY - 2024/9/1
Y1 - 2024/9/1
N2 - Introduction: Manual motor problems have been reported in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the specific aspects that are affected, their neuropathology, and potential value for classification modeling is unknown. The current study examined if multiple measures of motor strength, dexterity, and speed are affected in MCI and AD, related to AD biomarkers, and are able to classify MCI or AD. Methods: Fifty-three cognitively normal (CN), 33 amnestic MCI, and 28 AD subjects completed five manual motor measures: grip force, Trail Making Test A, spiral tracing, finger tapping, and a simulated feeding task. Analyses included (1) group differences in manual performance; (2) associations between manual function and AD biomarkers (PET amyloid β, hippocampal volume, and APOE 4 alleles); and (3) group classification accuracy of manual motor function using machine learning. Results: Amnestic MCI and AD subjects exhibited slower psychomotor speed and AD subjects had weaker dominant hand grip strength than CN subjects. Performance on these measures was related to amyloid β deposition (both) and hippocampal volume (psychomotor speed only). Support vector classification well-discriminated control and AD subjects (area under the curve of 0.73 and 0.77, respectively) but poorly discriminated MCI from controls or AD. Conclusion: Grip strength and spiral tracing appear preserved, while psychomotor speed is affected in amnestic MCI and AD. The association of motor performance with amyloid β deposition and atrophy could indicate that this is due to amyloid deposition in and atrophy of motor brain regions, which generally occurs later in the disease process. The promising discriminatory abilities of manual motor measures for AD emphasize their value alongside other cognitive and motor assessment outcomes in classification and prediction models, as well as potential enrichment of outcome variables in AD clinical trials.
AB - Introduction: Manual motor problems have been reported in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the specific aspects that are affected, their neuropathology, and potential value for classification modeling is unknown. The current study examined if multiple measures of motor strength, dexterity, and speed are affected in MCI and AD, related to AD biomarkers, and are able to classify MCI or AD. Methods: Fifty-three cognitively normal (CN), 33 amnestic MCI, and 28 AD subjects completed five manual motor measures: grip force, Trail Making Test A, spiral tracing, finger tapping, and a simulated feeding task. Analyses included (1) group differences in manual performance; (2) associations between manual function and AD biomarkers (PET amyloid β, hippocampal volume, and APOE 4 alleles); and (3) group classification accuracy of manual motor function using machine learning. Results: Amnestic MCI and AD subjects exhibited slower psychomotor speed and AD subjects had weaker dominant hand grip strength than CN subjects. Performance on these measures was related to amyloid β deposition (both) and hippocampal volume (psychomotor speed only). Support vector classification well-discriminated control and AD subjects (area under the curve of 0.73 and 0.77, respectively) but poorly discriminated MCI from controls or AD. Conclusion: Grip strength and spiral tracing appear preserved, while psychomotor speed is affected in amnestic MCI and AD. The association of motor performance with amyloid β deposition and atrophy could indicate that this is due to amyloid deposition in and atrophy of motor brain regions, which generally occurs later in the disease process. The promising discriminatory abilities of manual motor measures for AD emphasize their value alongside other cognitive and motor assessment outcomes in classification and prediction models, as well as potential enrichment of outcome variables in AD clinical trials.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85203859652&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1159/000539800
DO - 10.1159/000539800
M3 - Article
C2 - 38865972
AN - SCOPUS:85203859652
SN - 1660-2854
VL - 24
SP - 54
EP - 70
JO - Neurodegenerative Diseases
JF - Neurodegenerative Diseases
IS - 2
ER -