Abstract
Background:
This study aims to comparatively analyze clinical features, treatment, and patient outcomes between the previous and the 2022 mpox (monkeypox) outbreaks.
Methods:
Five bibliographic databases were searched for studies reporting clinical features, management, and patient outcomes of mpox. Systematic review and meta-analysis were performed.
Results:
In total, 73 studies were included in the systematic review, of which 33 studies were subjected to meta-analysis. Previous outbreaks substantially affected children, whereas the 2022 outbreak primarily affected male adults, of which 94.66% (95% confidence interval [CI], 88.03–98.95) were men who have sex with men. Furthermore, 72.47% (95% CI, 51.04–89.71) reported high-risk sexual activity and the overall human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence was 37.65% (95% CI, 30.09–45.50). Skin lesions remain the typical symptom; however, their anatomic distribution differed. Systemic manifestations were common, but rectal pain was unique to the 2022 outbreak. The estimated overall fatality during past outbreaks in Africa was 4.61% (95% CI, 2.39%–7.35%), whereas 6.34% (95% CI, 3.35%–10.10%) of patients from the 2022 outbreak required hospitalization. Antiviral treatment, in particular tecovirimat, has been prescribed for a subset of patients, but the efficacy remains inconclusive.
Conclusions:
These findings are important for better understanding the disease and guiding adequate response to mpox outbreaks.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 391-401 |
| Number of pages | 11 |
| Journal | Journal of Infectious Diseases |
| Volume | 228 |
| Issue number | 4 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 15 Aug 2023 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:Financial support . This work was supported by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (grant number 91719300 Vidi grant to Q. P.); and the Dutch Cancer Society (grant number 10140 young investigator grant to Q. P.). Funding to pay the Open Access publication charges for this article was provided by Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research.
Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2023.
