Cost-Effectiveness of Personalised Nutrition in Adults With Overweight and Obesity: PREVENTOMICS Studies in Poland and the UK

Background: We assessed the cost-effectiveness of personalised nutrition in adults with overweight/obesity in Poland and the United Kingdom (UK) using the results of two randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Methods: The 4-month RCTs compared three interventions: personalised plan (PP) plus behavioural change (PP+B), PP only, and a control. Outcomes included body mass index (BMI), health-related quality of life (EQ-5D-5L), quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), and costs (2020 British pounds). A Markov model estimated lifetime cost-effectiveness. Different sensitivity analyses were performed. Results: Participants were randomised to PP+B, PP, and control groups in Poland (n = 89, n = 88, n = 88) and the UK (n = 20, n = 19, n = 15). Comparing BMI reductions of PP+B and PP with control in both countries showed no significant differences, but wide confidence intervals (CIs) were observed (e.g., PP+B vs. control—Poland: −0.20, 95% CI: −0.86, 0.45 kg/m²; UK: −0.80, 95% CI: −1.60, 0.00 kg/m²). Lifetime analysis suggested potential cost-effectiveness for PP+B in Poland (£20,404 per QALY gain), and for PP+B (£13,006 per QALY) and PP (£12,222 per QALY) in the UK, since these figures were lower than the willingness-to-pay thresholds (£34,000 in Poland and £20,000 in the UK). PP in Poland was dominated by control, but sensitivity analyses suggested potential cost-effectiveness. Conclusions: The PREVENTOMICS interventions may offer a cost-effective approach to reduce weight and avoid its related complications in both countries. Future studies should be larger and/or longer to reduce uncertainty about effectiveness. Clinical Trial Registration Numbers: Poland ISRCTN51509551 and the UK ISRCTN46063864.