Craniofacial microsomia: Beyond the first and second pharyngeal arch

This thesis studied the phenotypical characteristics of craniofacial microsomia and presented a framework for management of these patients. Almost half of the patients with CFM present with extracraniofacial anomalies and should be screened for these anomalies. Also, velopharyngeal dysfunction might be present in patients with CFM, also in patients without a cleft lip/palate. The facial asymmetry appears to be non-progressive in patients with unilateral CFM. The second part of the thesis focusses on the management for patients with CFM and provides a summary of all literature on CFM and gives a summery of the European Guideline for craniofacial microsomia.