Exploring the promises of transdisciplinary research: A quantitative study of two climate research programmes

Stefan de Jong, Tjerk Wardenaar, Edwin Horlings

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67 Citations (Scopus)
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Abstract

Scientists have long since become accustomed to explaining the future value of their work. Nowadays token statements are no longer sufficient. Societal impact must be embedded in the organisation of research. The call for societal impact is most explicitly expressed in and actively shaped by transdisciplinary research programmes. We have examined two questions related to compliance in the principal-agent relation between a programme and its projects. The first question concerns the risk of moral hazard: is societal actor involvement a token activity or a substantial component of the research process? The second question relates to possible adverse selection: does societal actor involvement produce the expected benefits and, if so, under which conditions? We surveyed members and project leaders of 178 projects in two transdisciplinary climate research programmes in The Netherlands. There is no reason to suspect large-scale moral hazard. Projects formally labelled as transdisciplinary have characteristics typically associated with transdisciplinarity but academic projects share those characteristics. Neither is there reason to suspect adverse selection. The archetypical properties of transdisciplinary research are associated with the expected societal benefits. An important finding is that there are different types of benefit, each of which requires its own approach. Benefit is achieved through informal involvement and a diversity of outputs, and much less by giving societal actors a prominent role or influence in the research process. Based on our conclusions we recommend customizing the design of climate research programmes and projects towards the needs of the specific societal benefits they aim to generate and reconsidering the emphasis on formal involvement of societal actors in funding procedures.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1397-1409
JournalResearch Policy
Volume45
Issue number7
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Sept 2016
Externally publishedYes

Bibliographical note

Acknowledgements
This work was financially supported by the Dutch national research programme Knowledge for Climate (www. knowledgeforclimate.org) [project SSA01]. Additionally, the programme made available their project database as well as that of the affiliated programme Knowledge for Climate. A number of individuals involved in Knowledge for Climate were involved in
pre-testing the survey. We would like to thank Femke Merkx and Dennis Roks for their collaboration on the development of the surveys. We thank Peter van den Besselaar for his collaboration on the development of the survey and exploring the data. The authors wish to thank Barend van der Meulen and Elizabeth Koier and two anonymous reviewers
for their valuable remarks on earlier drafts of this manuscript.

Research programs

  • ESSB PA

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