TY - JOUR
T1 - Herpes simplex virus encephalitis is a trigger of brain autoimmunity
AU - Armangue, Thaís
AU - Leypoldt, Frank
AU - Málaga, Ignacio
AU - Raspall-Chaure, Miquel
AU - Marti, Itxaso
AU - Nichter, Charles
AU - Pugh, John
AU - Vicente-Rasoamalala, Monica
AU - Lafuente-Hidalgo, Miguel
AU - MacAya, Alfons
AU - Ke, Michael
AU - Titulaer, Maarten J.
AU - Höftberger, Romana
AU - Sheriff, Heather
AU - Glaser, Carol
AU - Dalmau, Josep
PY - 2014/2
Y1 - 2014/2
N2 - In 5 prospectively diagnosed patients with relapsing post-herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE), N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antibodies were identified. Antibody synthesis started 1 to 4 weeks after HSE, preceding the neurological relapse. Three of 5 patients improved postimmunotherapy, 1 spontaneously, and 1 has started to improve. Two additional patients with NMDAR antibodies, 9 with unknown neuronal surface antibodies, and 1 with NMDAR and unknown antibodies, were identified during retrospective assessment of 34 HSE patients; the frequency of autoantibodies increased over time (serum, p = 0.004; cerebrospinal fluid, p = 0.04). The 3 retrospectively identified NMDAR antibody-positive patients also had evidence of relapsing post-HSE. Overall, these findings indicate that HSE triggers NMDAR antibodies and potentially other brain autoimmunity.
AB - In 5 prospectively diagnosed patients with relapsing post-herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE), N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antibodies were identified. Antibody synthesis started 1 to 4 weeks after HSE, preceding the neurological relapse. Three of 5 patients improved postimmunotherapy, 1 spontaneously, and 1 has started to improve. Two additional patients with NMDAR antibodies, 9 with unknown neuronal surface antibodies, and 1 with NMDAR and unknown antibodies, were identified during retrospective assessment of 34 HSE patients; the frequency of autoantibodies increased over time (serum, p = 0.004; cerebrospinal fluid, p = 0.04). The 3 retrospectively identified NMDAR antibody-positive patients also had evidence of relapsing post-HSE. Overall, these findings indicate that HSE triggers NMDAR antibodies and potentially other brain autoimmunity.
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/84896546162
U2 - 10.1002/ana.24083
DO - 10.1002/ana.24083
M3 - Article
C2 - 24318406
AN - SCOPUS:84896546162
SN - 0364-5134
VL - 75
SP - 317
EP - 323
JO - Annals of Neurology
JF - Annals of Neurology
IS - 2
ER -