Abstract
BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive men who have sex with men (MSM) are at high risk of hepatitis C virus (HCV) reinfection following clearance of HCV, but risk factors specifically for reinfection have never been comprehensively assessed. METHODS: Using data from a prospective observational cohort study among HIV-positive MSM with an acute HCV infection (MOSAIC), the incidence of HCV reinfection following spontaneous clearance or successful treatment was assessed. A univariable Bayesian exponential survival model was used to identify risk factors associated with HCV reinfection. RESULTS: In total, 122 HIV-positive MSM who had a spontaneously cleared or successfully treated HCV infection between 2003 and 2017 were included. During a median follow-up of 1.4 years (interquartile range [IQR] 0.5-3.8), 34 HCV reinfections were observed in 28 patients. The incidence of HCV reinfection was 11.5/100 person-years and among those with reinfection, median time to reinfection was 1.3 years (IQR 0.6-2.7). HCV reinfection was associated with receptive condomless anal intercourse, sharing of sex toys, group sex, anal rinsing before sex, ≥10 casual sex partners in the last 6 months, nadir CD4 cell count <200 cells/mm3, and recent CD4 cell count <500 cells/mm3. CONCLUSIONS: Incidence of HCV reinfection was high and strongly associated with sexual risk behavior, highlighting the need for interventions to reduce risk behavior and prevent HCV reinfections among HIV-positive MSM.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 460-467 |
Number of pages | 8 |
Journal | Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America |
Volume | 73 |
Issue number | 3 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 1 Aug 2021 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:Financial support. This work was supported by the “Aidsfonds” Netherlands (grant numbers 2008.026, 2013.037 to A. N., M. P., and the MOSAIC study) and the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw) (grant number 522004006 to M. K. and M.P.).
Funding Information:
Potential conflicts of interest. J. S.’s institution has received research support and consultancy fees from Gilead, and a speakers fee from Janssen Pharmaceuticals, independent from the submitted work. M. P.’s institution has received speakers fees and independent scientific support from Gilead Sciences, Roche, MSD, and Abbvie, outside the submitted work. M. V.’s institution has received speakers fees from Abbvie, Bristol-Myers-Squibb, Gilead, Johnson & Johnson, MSD, and ViiV outside the submitted work and research grant from Abbvie, Gilead, Johnson&Johnson, and Merck Sharp Dome. K. B. has served on (inter)national advisory boards for Gilead, ViiV, Janssen and MSD outside the submitted work. B. R. has received grants from MSD and Gilead Sciences, and participated in advisory boards and received travel support from MSD, Janssen-Cilag, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Gilead Sciences, Pfizer, and ViiV Healthcare, outside the submitted work. All other authors report no potential conflicts. All authors have submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Conflicts that the editors consider relevant to the content of the manuscript have been disclosed.
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© 2020