Italian versions of the optimal screening for Prediction of Referral and Outcome Yellow Flag (OSPRO-YF) and the Örebro Musculoskeletal pain screening questionnaire (ÖMPQ-21) and their short forms, in patients with low back pain: Cross-cultural adaptation, reliability and validity

Francesca Bonetti*, Domenico Angilecchia, Alessandro Agostini, Paolo Marighetto, Silvia Minnucci, Gloria Giglioni, Leonardo Pellicciari, Alessandro Chiarotto

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

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Abstract

Background: 

Low back pain (LBP) is a leading cause of disability worldwide. Early detection of prognostic factors using the Optimal Screening for Prediction of Referral and Outcome Yellow Flag (OSPRO-YF) or the Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire (ÖMPQ-21) can predict improvement in pain and disability for patients with nonspecific LBP. 

Objectives: 

To translate and cross-culturally adapt the OSPRO-YF and the ÖMPQ-21 with their short versions into the Italian language and to test their measurement properties in patients with LBP. Design: Clinimetric study. Methods: OSPRO-YF and ÖMPQ-21 were translated and administered to LBP patients with questionnaires on pain intensity, disability, pain self-efficacy, and pain catastrophizing. We evaluated test-retest reliability, measurement error, and construct validity. 

Results: 

Eighty-three patients with LBP were included. No floor or ceiling effects were reported. Test-retest reliability of the OSPRO-YF, the ÖMPQ-21, and their short forms were excellent. The measurement error analysis revealed a Standard Error of Measurement (SEM) of 6.7 points, a Minimal Detectable Change (MDC) of 18.6 points for ÖMPQ-21, a SEM of 2.3 points, and a MDC of 6.4 points for OSPRO-YF. The construct validity of the OSPRO-YF and ÖMPQ-21 and its 10-item short version was satisfactory and moderate. OSPRO-YF performed better than ÖMPQ-21 on all three measurement properties.

Conclusion: 

OSPRO-YF, ÖMPQ-21, and their short versions are reliable and valid for identifying ‘yellow flags’ in Italian patients with LBP, with the former generally performing better than the latter. Further research is needed to confirm their ability to predict outcomes in patients with LBP.

Original languageEnglish
Article number103206
JournalMusculoskeletal Science and Practice
Volume74
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Nov 2024

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