Liver oligometastatic disease in synchronous metastatic gastric cancer patients: a nationwide population-based cohort study

Tiuri E. Kroese; Yuko Takahashi; Florian Lordick; Peter S.N. van Rossum; Jelle P. Ruurda; Sjoerd M. Lagarde; Richard van Hillegersberg; Rob H.A. Verhoeven; Hanneke W.M. van Laarhoven

doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2022.11.011

Liver oligometastatic disease in synchronous metastatic gastric cancer patients: a nationwide population-based cohort study

Tiuri E. Kroese
, Yuko Takahashi
, Florian Lordick
, Peter S.N. van Rossum
, Jelle P. Ruurda
, Sjoerd M. Lagarde
, Richard van Hillegersberg
, Rob H.A. Verhoeven
, Hanneke W.M. van Laarhoven^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Surgery

Utrecht University
Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organization (IKNL)
University Hospital Zürich
Okayama University
University Hospital Leipzig
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
University of Amsterdam
Amsterdam UMC

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

13 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Introduction: This population-based cohort study analysed treatment, overall survival (OS), and independent prognostic factors for OS in gastric cancer patients with liver metastases.

Methods: Between 2015 and 2017, patients with synchronous metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma limited to the liver were included from the prospectively maintained population-based Netherlands Cancer Registry. Liver oligometastatic disease (OMD) was defined as ≤3 liver metastases. The primary outcome was OS. Independent prognostic factors for OS were analysed using multivariable Cox regression analysis.

Results: A total 295 patients with metastases limited to the liver were included. The primary tumour was resected in four patients (1.4%). Treatment for liver metastases consisted of chemotherapy alone (28.1%), trastuzumab plus chemotherapy (4.7%), surgery (1.0%), or best supportive care (67.5%). Median OS across all included patients was 4.0 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.1–4.5). Liver OMD was detected in 77 patients (26%). Treatment for liver OMD consisted of chemotherapy alone (24.6%), trastuzumab plus chemotherapy (5.2%), surgery (3.9%), or best supportive care (67.5%). Median OS among patients with liver OMD was 5.7 months (95% CI: 4.8–7.5). Across all patients, better OS was independently associated with liver OMD (hazard ratio [HR] 0.66, 95% CI: 0.50–0.87), trastuzumab (HR 0.41, 95% CI: 0.23–0.72) but not with triplet compared with doublet chemotherapy (HR 0.94, 95% CI: 0.57–2.87). Worse OS was independently associated with unknown nodal stage versus cN0 (HR 1.74, 95% CI: 1.17–2.60), diffuse-type versus intestinal-type adenocarcinoma (HR 2.06, 95% CI: 1.32–3.20), and monotherapy or best supportive care versus doublet chemotherapy (HR 1.72, 95% CI: 1.03–2.87, and HR 3.61, 95% CI: 2.55–5.10, respectively).

Conclusion: In this population-based cohort study, liver OMD was detected in 26% of patients. Liver OMD and trastuzumab treatment were independently associated with better OS while triplet as compared with doublet chemotherapy was not. OS among patients with liver OMD nevertheless remained poor. The concept of OMD and the benefit of resection of liver OMD may still have been relatively unknown in this disease type during the study inclusion years.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	65-75
Number of pages	11
Journal	European Journal of Cancer
Volume	179
Early online date	9 Dec 2022
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2022.11.011
Publication status	Published - 1 Jan 2023

Bibliographical note

Funding Information: The data collection for this study was supported by the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer Trials Group. The funding group had a role in the study design, while conduct and management of the study, analysis, and interpretation of the data, preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript and decision to submit the manuscript for publication was independent of the funding group.

Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Authors

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SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being

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Kroese, T. E., Takahashi, Y., Lordick, F., van Rossum, P. S. N., Ruurda, J. P., Lagarde, S. M., van Hillegersberg, R., Verhoeven, R. H. A., & van Laarhoven, H. W. M. (2023). Liver oligometastatic disease in synchronous metastatic gastric cancer patients: a nationwide population-based cohort study. European Journal of Cancer, 179, 65-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2022.11.011

@article{5d82eeae69b04a76a14785f9eabcbe58,

title = "Liver oligometastatic disease in synchronous metastatic gastric cancer patients: a nationwide population-based cohort study",

abstract = "Introduction: This population-based cohort study analysed treatment, overall survival (OS), and independent prognostic factors for OS in gastric cancer patients with liver metastases. Methods: Between 2015 and 2017, patients with synchronous metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma limited to the liver were included from the prospectively maintained population-based Netherlands Cancer Registry. Liver oligometastatic disease (OMD) was defined as ≤3 liver metastases. The primary outcome was OS. Independent prognostic factors for OS were analysed using multivariable Cox regression analysis. Results: A total 295 patients with metastases limited to the liver were included. The primary tumour was resected in four patients (1.4\%). Treatment for liver metastases consisted of chemotherapy alone (28.1\%), trastuzumab plus chemotherapy (4.7\%), surgery (1.0\%), or best supportive care (67.5\%). Median OS across all included patients was 4.0 months (95\% confidence interval [CI]: 3.1{\textendash}4.5). Liver OMD was detected in 77 patients (26\%). Treatment for liver OMD consisted of chemotherapy alone (24.6\%), trastuzumab plus chemotherapy (5.2\%), surgery (3.9\%), or best supportive care (67.5\%). Median OS among patients with liver OMD was 5.7 months (95\% CI: 4.8{\textendash}7.5). Across all patients, better OS was independently associated with liver OMD (hazard ratio [HR] 0.66, 95\% CI: 0.50{\textendash}0.87), trastuzumab (HR 0.41, 95\% CI: 0.23{\textendash}0.72) but not with triplet compared with doublet chemotherapy (HR 0.94, 95\% CI: 0.57{\textendash}2.87). Worse OS was independently associated with unknown nodal stage versus cN0 (HR 1.74, 95\% CI: 1.17{\textendash}2.60), diffuse-type versus intestinal-type adenocarcinoma (HR 2.06, 95\% CI: 1.32{\textendash}3.20), and monotherapy or best supportive care versus doublet chemotherapy (HR 1.72, 95\% CI: 1.03{\textendash}2.87, and HR 3.61, 95\% CI: 2.55{\textendash}5.10, respectively). Conclusion: In this population-based cohort study, liver OMD was detected in 26\% of patients. Liver OMD and trastuzumab treatment were independently associated with better OS while triplet as compared with doublet chemotherapy was not. OS among patients with liver OMD nevertheless remained poor. The concept of OMD and the benefit of resection of liver OMD may still have been relatively unknown in this disease type during the study inclusion years.",

author = "Kroese, \{Tiuri E.\} and Yuko Takahashi and Florian Lordick and \{van Rossum\}, \{Peter S.N.\} and Ruurda, \{Jelle P.\} and Lagarde, \{Sjoerd M.\} and \{van Hillegersberg\}, Richard and Verhoeven, \{Rob H.A.\} and \{van Laarhoven\}, \{Hanneke W.M.\}",

note = "Funding Information: The data collection for this study was supported by the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer Trials Group. The funding group had a role in the study design, while conduct and management of the study, analysis, and interpretation of the data, preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript and decision to submit the manuscript for publication was independent of the funding group. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 The Authors",

year = "2023",

month = jan,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1016/j.ejca.2022.11.011",

language = "English",

volume = "179",

pages = "65--75",

journal = "European Journal of Cancer",

issn = "0959-8049",

publisher = "Elsevier Ltd.",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Liver oligometastatic disease in synchronous metastatic gastric cancer patients

T2 - a nationwide population-based cohort study

AU - Kroese, Tiuri E.

AU - Takahashi, Yuko

AU - Lordick, Florian

AU - van Rossum, Peter S.N.

AU - Ruurda, Jelle P.

AU - Lagarde, Sjoerd M.

AU - van Hillegersberg, Richard

AU - Verhoeven, Rob H.A.

AU - van Laarhoven, Hanneke W.M.

N1 - Funding Information: The data collection for this study was supported by the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer Trials Group. The funding group had a role in the study design, while conduct and management of the study, analysis, and interpretation of the data, preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript and decision to submit the manuscript for publication was independent of the funding group. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Authors

PY - 2023/1/1

Y1 - 2023/1/1

N2 - Introduction: This population-based cohort study analysed treatment, overall survival (OS), and independent prognostic factors for OS in gastric cancer patients with liver metastases. Methods: Between 2015 and 2017, patients with synchronous metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma limited to the liver were included from the prospectively maintained population-based Netherlands Cancer Registry. Liver oligometastatic disease (OMD) was defined as ≤3 liver metastases. The primary outcome was OS. Independent prognostic factors for OS were analysed using multivariable Cox regression analysis. Results: A total 295 patients with metastases limited to the liver were included. The primary tumour was resected in four patients (1.4%). Treatment for liver metastases consisted of chemotherapy alone (28.1%), trastuzumab plus chemotherapy (4.7%), surgery (1.0%), or best supportive care (67.5%). Median OS across all included patients was 4.0 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.1–4.5). Liver OMD was detected in 77 patients (26%). Treatment for liver OMD consisted of chemotherapy alone (24.6%), trastuzumab plus chemotherapy (5.2%), surgery (3.9%), or best supportive care (67.5%). Median OS among patients with liver OMD was 5.7 months (95% CI: 4.8–7.5). Across all patients, better OS was independently associated with liver OMD (hazard ratio [HR] 0.66, 95% CI: 0.50–0.87), trastuzumab (HR 0.41, 95% CI: 0.23–0.72) but not with triplet compared with doublet chemotherapy (HR 0.94, 95% CI: 0.57–2.87). Worse OS was independently associated with unknown nodal stage versus cN0 (HR 1.74, 95% CI: 1.17–2.60), diffuse-type versus intestinal-type adenocarcinoma (HR 2.06, 95% CI: 1.32–3.20), and monotherapy or best supportive care versus doublet chemotherapy (HR 1.72, 95% CI: 1.03–2.87, and HR 3.61, 95% CI: 2.55–5.10, respectively). Conclusion: In this population-based cohort study, liver OMD was detected in 26% of patients. Liver OMD and trastuzumab treatment were independently associated with better OS while triplet as compared with doublet chemotherapy was not. OS among patients with liver OMD nevertheless remained poor. The concept of OMD and the benefit of resection of liver OMD may still have been relatively unknown in this disease type during the study inclusion years.

AB - Introduction: This population-based cohort study analysed treatment, overall survival (OS), and independent prognostic factors for OS in gastric cancer patients with liver metastases. Methods: Between 2015 and 2017, patients with synchronous metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma limited to the liver were included from the prospectively maintained population-based Netherlands Cancer Registry. Liver oligometastatic disease (OMD) was defined as ≤3 liver metastases. The primary outcome was OS. Independent prognostic factors for OS were analysed using multivariable Cox regression analysis. Results: A total 295 patients with metastases limited to the liver were included. The primary tumour was resected in four patients (1.4%). Treatment for liver metastases consisted of chemotherapy alone (28.1%), trastuzumab plus chemotherapy (4.7%), surgery (1.0%), or best supportive care (67.5%). Median OS across all included patients was 4.0 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.1–4.5). Liver OMD was detected in 77 patients (26%). Treatment for liver OMD consisted of chemotherapy alone (24.6%), trastuzumab plus chemotherapy (5.2%), surgery (3.9%), or best supportive care (67.5%). Median OS among patients with liver OMD was 5.7 months (95% CI: 4.8–7.5). Across all patients, better OS was independently associated with liver OMD (hazard ratio [HR] 0.66, 95% CI: 0.50–0.87), trastuzumab (HR 0.41, 95% CI: 0.23–0.72) but not with triplet compared with doublet chemotherapy (HR 0.94, 95% CI: 0.57–2.87). Worse OS was independently associated with unknown nodal stage versus cN0 (HR 1.74, 95% CI: 1.17–2.60), diffuse-type versus intestinal-type adenocarcinoma (HR 2.06, 95% CI: 1.32–3.20), and monotherapy or best supportive care versus doublet chemotherapy (HR 1.72, 95% CI: 1.03–2.87, and HR 3.61, 95% CI: 2.55–5.10, respectively). Conclusion: In this population-based cohort study, liver OMD was detected in 26% of patients. Liver OMD and trastuzumab treatment were independently associated with better OS while triplet as compared with doublet chemotherapy was not. OS among patients with liver OMD nevertheless remained poor. The concept of OMD and the benefit of resection of liver OMD may still have been relatively unknown in this disease type during the study inclusion years.

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85143985352

U2 - 10.1016/j.ejca.2022.11.011

DO - 10.1016/j.ejca.2022.11.011

M3 - Article

C2 - 36509000

AN - SCOPUS:85143985352

SN - 0959-8049

VL - 179

SP - 65

EP - 75

JO - European Journal of Cancer

JF - European Journal of Cancer

ER -

Liver oligometastatic disease in synchronous metastatic gastric cancer patients: a nationwide population-based cohort study

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