Longitudinal effects of urban green space on walking and cycling: A fixed effects analysis

Martyna Hogendorf; Joost Oude Groeniger; J Mark Noordzij; Mariëlle A Beenackers; Frank J van Lenthe

doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2019.102264

Longitudinal effects of urban green space on walking and cycling: A fixed effects analysis

Martyna Hogendorf, Joost Oude Groeniger, J Mark Noordzij, Mariëlle A Beenackers, Frank J van Lenthe

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

27 Citations (Scopus)

23 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

This study examined whether changes in green space within the living environment were associated with changes in walking and cycling frequencies in a cohort of 3,220 Dutch adults between 2004, 2011 and 2014. Data on self-reported weekly time spent walking and cycling for active commute and leisure were linked to geographic information system (GIS) measures of total green areas within 1000 m buffer zones around each participant's home address, and distance to the nearest green space. First, cross-sectional linear regression models showed no statistically significant associations between green space measures and walking and cycling. Second, fixed effects (FE) models were used to analyze whether changes in green space were associated with changes in walking and cycling, using longitudinal data from respondents who did not relocate over time. As distance to the nearest green area increased by 100 m, individuals spent 22.76 fewer (95% CI: -39.92, -5.60) minutes walking for leisure per week and 3.21 more (95% CI: 0.46, 5.96) minutes walking for active commute. Changes in distance to green space were not significantly related to changes in cycling measures. No clear associations between changes in green areas within 1000 m buffers and changes in walking and cycling were observed. Overall, there was weak evidence of an effect of changes in green space area on changes in walking, and no evidence for cycling.

Original language	English
Article number	102264
Pages (from-to)	102264
Journal	Health & Place
Volume	61
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2019.102264 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2019.102264
Publication status	Published - Jan 2020

Bibliographical note

Funding
The study was supported by a grant from the European Commission HORIZON 2020 research and innovation action (grant number 667661) and the Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (grant number 200500005). The funders had no role in the study design or the analysis and interpretation of the data. All authors and their institutions reserve intellectual freedom from the funders.

Copyright © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access to Document

1-s2.0-S1353829218312875-mainFinal published version, 466 KBLicence: CC BY

http://hdl.handle.net/1765/122699

Cite this

@article{b2cc4370398f4871980247265aa2d0b3,

title = "Longitudinal effects of urban green space on walking and cycling: A fixed effects analysis",

abstract = "This study examined whether changes in green space within the living environment were associated with changes in walking and cycling frequencies in a cohort of 3,220 Dutch adults between 2004, 2011 and 2014. Data on self-reported weekly time spent walking and cycling for active commute and leisure were linked to geographic information system (GIS) measures of total green areas within 1000 m buffer zones around each participant's home address, and distance to the nearest green space. First, cross-sectional linear regression models showed no statistically significant associations between green space measures and walking and cycling. Second, fixed effects (FE) models were used to analyze whether changes in green space were associated with changes in walking and cycling, using longitudinal data from respondents who did not relocate over time. As distance to the nearest green area increased by 100 m, individuals spent 22.76 fewer (95% CI: -39.92, -5.60) minutes walking for leisure per week and 3.21 more (95% CI: 0.46, 5.96) minutes walking for active commute. Changes in distance to green space were not significantly related to changes in cycling measures. No clear associations between changes in green areas within 1000 m buffers and changes in walking and cycling were observed. Overall, there was weak evidence of an effect of changes in green space area on changes in walking, and no evidence for cycling.",

author = "Martyna Hogendorf and {Oude Groeniger}, Joost and Noordzij, {J Mark} and Beenackers, {Mari{\"e}lle A} and {van Lenthe}, {Frank J}",

note = "Funding The study was supported by a grant from the European Commission HORIZON 2020 research and innovation action (grant number 667661) and the Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (grant number 200500005). The funders had no role in the study design or the analysis and interpretation of the data. All authors and their institutions reserve intellectual freedom from the funders. Copyright {\textcopyright} 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.",

year = "2020",

month = jan,

doi = "10.1016/j.healthplace.2019.102264",

language = "English",

volume = "61",

pages = "102264",

journal = "Health & Place",

issn = "1353-8292",

publisher = "Elsevier Ltd.",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Longitudinal effects of urban green space on walking and cycling

T2 - A fixed effects analysis

AU - Hogendorf, Martyna

AU - Oude Groeniger, Joost

AU - Noordzij, J Mark

AU - Beenackers, Mariëlle A

AU - van Lenthe, Frank J

N1 - Funding The study was supported by a grant from the European Commission HORIZON 2020 research and innovation action (grant number 667661) and the Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (grant number 200500005). The funders had no role in the study design or the analysis and interpretation of the data. All authors and their institutions reserve intellectual freedom from the funders. Copyright © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

PY - 2020/1

Y1 - 2020/1

N2 - This study examined whether changes in green space within the living environment were associated with changes in walking and cycling frequencies in a cohort of 3,220 Dutch adults between 2004, 2011 and 2014. Data on self-reported weekly time spent walking and cycling for active commute and leisure were linked to geographic information system (GIS) measures of total green areas within 1000 m buffer zones around each participant's home address, and distance to the nearest green space. First, cross-sectional linear regression models showed no statistically significant associations between green space measures and walking and cycling. Second, fixed effects (FE) models were used to analyze whether changes in green space were associated with changes in walking and cycling, using longitudinal data from respondents who did not relocate over time. As distance to the nearest green area increased by 100 m, individuals spent 22.76 fewer (95% CI: -39.92, -5.60) minutes walking for leisure per week and 3.21 more (95% CI: 0.46, 5.96) minutes walking for active commute. Changes in distance to green space were not significantly related to changes in cycling measures. No clear associations between changes in green areas within 1000 m buffers and changes in walking and cycling were observed. Overall, there was weak evidence of an effect of changes in green space area on changes in walking, and no evidence for cycling.

AB - This study examined whether changes in green space within the living environment were associated with changes in walking and cycling frequencies in a cohort of 3,220 Dutch adults between 2004, 2011 and 2014. Data on self-reported weekly time spent walking and cycling for active commute and leisure were linked to geographic information system (GIS) measures of total green areas within 1000 m buffer zones around each participant's home address, and distance to the nearest green space. First, cross-sectional linear regression models showed no statistically significant associations between green space measures and walking and cycling. Second, fixed effects (FE) models were used to analyze whether changes in green space were associated with changes in walking and cycling, using longitudinal data from respondents who did not relocate over time. As distance to the nearest green area increased by 100 m, individuals spent 22.76 fewer (95% CI: -39.92, -5.60) minutes walking for leisure per week and 3.21 more (95% CI: 0.46, 5.96) minutes walking for active commute. Changes in distance to green space were not significantly related to changes in cycling measures. No clear associations between changes in green areas within 1000 m buffers and changes in walking and cycling were observed. Overall, there was weak evidence of an effect of changes in green space area on changes in walking, and no evidence for cycling.

UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1353829218312875

U2 - 10.1016/j.healthplace.2019.102264

DO - 10.1016/j.healthplace.2019.102264

M3 - Article

C2 - 32329730

SN - 1353-8292

VL - 61

SP - 102264

JO - Health & Place

JF - Health & Place

M1 - 102264

ER -

Longitudinal effects of urban green space on walking and cycling: A fixed effects analysis

Abstract

Bibliographical note

UN SDGs

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this