TY - JOUR
T1 - Monitoring SARS-CoV-2 circulation and diversity through community wastewater sequencing, the netherlands and belgium
AU - Izquierdo-Lara, Ray
AU - Elsinga, Goffe
AU - Heijnen, Leo
AU - Oude Munnink, Bas B.
AU - Schapendonk, Claudia M.E.
AU - Nieuwenhuijse, David
AU - Kon, Matthijs
AU - Lu, Lu
AU - Aarestrup, Frank M.
AU - Lycett, Samantha
AU - Medema, Gertjan
AU - Koopmans, Marion P.G.
AU - De Graaf, Miranda
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the European Union’s Horizon H2020 grants VEO (grant no. 874735) and METASTAVA (grant no. 773830), the Erasmus MC foundation, and the Adessium Foundation.
Publisher Copyright: © 2021 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/5
Y1 - 2021/5
N2 - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV- 2) has rapidly become a major global health problem, and public health surveillance is crucial to monitor and prevent virus spread. Wastewater-based epidemiology has been proposed as an addition to disease-based surveillance because virus is shed in the feces of ≈40% of infected persons. We used next-generation sequencing of sewage samples to evaluate the diversity of SARS-CoV-2 at the community level in the Netherlands and Belgium. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the presence of the most prevalent clades (19A, 20A, and 20B) and clustering of sewage samples with clinical samples from the same region. We distinguished multiple clades within a single sewage sample by using low-frequency variant analysis. In addition, several novel mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 genome were detected. Our results illustrate how wastewater can be used to investigate the diversity of SARS-CoV-2 viruses circulating in a community and identify new outbreaks.
AB - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV- 2) has rapidly become a major global health problem, and public health surveillance is crucial to monitor and prevent virus spread. Wastewater-based epidemiology has been proposed as an addition to disease-based surveillance because virus is shed in the feces of ≈40% of infected persons. We used next-generation sequencing of sewage samples to evaluate the diversity of SARS-CoV-2 at the community level in the Netherlands and Belgium. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the presence of the most prevalent clades (19A, 20A, and 20B) and clustering of sewage samples with clinical samples from the same region. We distinguished multiple clades within a single sewage sample by using low-frequency variant analysis. In addition, several novel mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 genome were detected. Our results illustrate how wastewater can be used to investigate the diversity of SARS-CoV-2 viruses circulating in a community and identify new outbreaks.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85105283848&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3201/eid2705.204410
DO - 10.3201/eid2705.204410
M3 - Article
C2 - 33900177
AN - SCOPUS:85105283848
SN - 1080-6040
VL - 27
SP - 1405
EP - 1415
JO - Emerging Infectious Diseases
JF - Emerging Infectious Diseases
IS - 5
ER -
