Abstract
Objective: To examine whether outdoor residential exposure to annual average road traffic and multiple (i.e., road traffic, railway, aircraft, industry) noise levels is related with preadolescents' sleep using maternal-reported and wrist-actigraphy data in two European birth cohorts. Methods: This cross-sectional study used data of 1245 preadolescents from the Dutch Generation R Study and 232 from the Spanish INMA-Sabadell cohort with a mean age of 12.3 years old. We used noise maps to assess average outdoor road traffic and multiple noise levels (day-evening-night noise indicator, LDEN) at each child's residential address for the year before the sleep assessment. Sleep disturbances were reported by mothers through the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children and objectively recorded using GeneActiv wrist-actigraphy during seven subsequent days. Linear and Poisson regression models adjusted for several potential confounding variables were performed. Results: The mean (SD) exposure to road traffic noise was 53.2 dB (7.3) in the Generation R Study and 61.3 dB (5.9) in the INMA-Sabadell cohort. Exposure to road traffic was related with reduced total sleep time and longer wake after sleep onset (e.g. −3.62 min (95%CI -6.87; −0.37) and 6.88 min (95%CI 1.15; 12.61) per an increase of 10 dB in road traffic noise, respectively) collected by wrist-actigraphy. We observed no association between road traffic exposure and maternal-reported sleep disturbances. Results were similar for multiple noise exposure. Conclusions: These findings indicate that sleep may be compromised for preadolescents living in areas highly exposed to outdoor residential noise. Future studies using longitudinal designs to further explore these associations during the different stages of sleep development across childhood and adolescence are warranted. Also, wrist-actigraphy measurements which provide more accurate information and may be complementary to the parental- and self-reported data should be considered.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 115502 |
| Journal | Environmental Research |
| Volume | 225 |
| Early online date | 16 Feb 2023 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 15 May 2023 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information: Henning Tiemeier received funding from the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (NWO-grant 016. VICI.170.200). Mònica Guxens received funding from the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety under the grant agreement number EST-2016 RF-21 and the Spanish Institute of Health Carlos III (PI17/01340). Mònica Guxens is funded by a Miguel Servet II fellowship (CPII18/00018) awarded by the Spanish Institute of Health Carlos III. We thank DCMR Milieudienst Rijnmond for providing the noise data. The geocodification of the addresses of the Dutch study participants was done within the framework of a project funded by the Health Effects Institute (HEI) (Assistance Award No. R-82811201). We acknowledge support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and the State Research Agency through the “Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa 2019–2023” Program (CEX 2018-000806-S), and support from the Generalitat de Catalunya through the CERCA Program.Publisher Copyright: © 2023 Elsevier Inc.
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