TY - JOUR
T1 - Progress in Alternative Strategies to Combat Antimicrobial Resistance
T2 - Focus on Antibiotics
AU - Murugaiyan, Jayaseelan
AU - Anand Kumar, P.
AU - Rao, G. Srinivasa
AU - Iskandar, Katia
AU - Hawser, Stephen
AU - Hays, John P.
AU - Mohsen, Yara
AU - Adukkadukkam, Saranya
AU - Awuah, Wireko Andrew
AU - Jose, Ruiz Alvarez Maria
AU - Sylvia, Nanono
AU - Nansubuga, Esther Patience
AU - Tilocca, Bruno
AU - Roncada, Paola
AU - Roson-Calero, Natalia
AU - Moreno-Morales, Javier
AU - Amin, Rohul
AU - Krishna Kumar, Ballamoole
AU - Kumar, Abishek
AU - Toufik, Abdul Rahman
AU - Zaw, Thaint Nadi
AU - Akinwotu, Oluwatosin O.
AU - Satyaseela, Maneesh Paul
AU - van Dongen, Maarten B.M.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2022/2/4
Y1 - 2022/2/4
N2 - Antibiotic resistance, and, in a broader perspective, antimicrobial resistance (AMR), continues to evolve and spread beyond all boundaries. As a result, infectious diseases have become more challenging or even impossible to treat, leading to an increase in morbidity and mortality. Despite the failure of conventional, traditional antimicrobial therapy, in the past two decades, no novel class of antibiotics has been introduced. Consequently, several novel alternative strategies to combat these (multi-) drug-resistant infectious microorganisms have been identified. The purpose of this review is to gather and consider the strategies that are being applied or proposed as potential alternatives to traditional antibiotics. These strategies include combination therapy, techniques that target the enzymes or proteins responsible for antimicrobial resistance, resistant bacteria, drug delivery systems, physicochemical methods, and unconventional techniques, including the CRISPRCas system. These alternative strategies may have the potential to change the treatment of multidrug-resistant pathogens in human clinical settings.
AB - Antibiotic resistance, and, in a broader perspective, antimicrobial resistance (AMR), continues to evolve and spread beyond all boundaries. As a result, infectious diseases have become more challenging or even impossible to treat, leading to an increase in morbidity and mortality. Despite the failure of conventional, traditional antimicrobial therapy, in the past two decades, no novel class of antibiotics has been introduced. Consequently, several novel alternative strategies to combat these (multi-) drug-resistant infectious microorganisms have been identified. The purpose of this review is to gather and consider the strategies that are being applied or proposed as potential alternatives to traditional antibiotics. These strategies include combination therapy, techniques that target the enzymes or proteins responsible for antimicrobial resistance, resistant bacteria, drug delivery systems, physicochemical methods, and unconventional techniques, including the CRISPRCas system. These alternative strategies may have the potential to change the treatment of multidrug-resistant pathogens in human clinical settings.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85124188814&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/antibiotics11020200
DO - 10.3390/antibiotics11020200
M3 - Review article
C2 - 35203804
AN - SCOPUS:85124188814
VL - 11
JO - Antibiotics
JF - Antibiotics
SN - 2079-6382
IS - 2
M1 - 200
ER -
