Renal effects of aliskiren compared with and in combination with irbesartan in patients with type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and albuminuria

Frederik Persson*, Peter Rossing, Henrik Reinhard, Tina Juhl, Coen D.A. Stehouwer, Casper Schalkwijk, A. H. Jan Danser, Frans Boomsma, Erik Frandsen, Hans Henrik Parving

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE - 

We investigated whether the antiproteinuric effect of the direct renin inhibitor aliskiren is comparable to that of irbesartan and the effect of the combination. 

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - 

This was a double-blind, randomized, crossover trial. After a 1-month washout period, 26 patients with type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and albuminuria (>100 mg/day) were randomly assigned to four 2-month treatment periods in random order with placebo, 300 mg aliskiren once daily, 300 mg irbesartan once daily, or the combination using identical doses. Patients received furosemide in a stable dose throughout the study. The primary end point was a change in albuminuria. Secondary measures included change in 24-h blood pressure and glomerular filtration rate (GFR). 

RESULTS - 

Placebo geometric mean albuminuria was 258 mg/day (range 84-2,361), mean ± SD 24-h blood pressure was 140/73 ± 15/8 mmHg, and GFR was 89 ± 27 ml/min per 1.73 m2. Aliskiren treatment reduced albuminuria by 48% (95% CI 27-62) compared with placebo (P < 0.001), not significantly different from the 58% (42-79) reduction with irbesartan treatment (P < 0.001 vs. placebo). Combination treatment reduced albuminuria by 71% (59-79), more than either monotherapy (P < 0.001 and P = 0.028). Fractional clearances of albumin were significantly reduced (46, 56, and 67% reduction vs. placebo). Twenty-four-hour blood pressure was reduced 3/4 mmHg by aliskiren (NS/P = 0.009), 12/5 mmHg by irbesartan (P < 0.001/P = 0.002), and 10/6 mmHg by the combination (P = 0.001/P < 0.001). GFR was significantly reduced 4.6 (95% CI 0.3-8.8) ml/min per 1.73 m2 by aliskiren, 8.0 (3.6-12.3) ml/min per 1.73 m2 by irbesartan, and 11.7 (7.4-15.9) ml/min per 1.73 m2 by the combination. 

CONCLUSIONS - 

The combination of aliskiren and irbesartan is more antiproteinuric in type 2 diabetic patients with albuminuria than monotherapy.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1873-1879
Number of pages7
JournalDiabetes Care
Volume32
Issue number10
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Oct 2009

Research programs

  • EMC COEUR-09

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