Risk of infection and sepsis in severely injured patients related to single nucleotide polymorphisms in the lectin pathway

BackgroundInfectious complications remain a serious threat to patients with multiple trauma. Susceptibility and response to infection is, in part, heritable. The lectin pathway plays a major role in innate immunity. The aim of this study was to assess whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in three key genes within the lectin pathway affect susceptibility to infectious complications in severely injured patients. MethodsA prospective cohort of severely injured patients admitted to a level I trauma centre between January 2008 and April 2011 were genotyped for SNPs in MBL2 (mannose-binding lectin 2), MASP2 (MBL-associated serine protease 2) and FCN2 (ficolin 2). Association of genotype with prevalence of positive culture findings and infection was tested by (2) and logistic regression analysis. ResultsA total of 219 patients were included, of whom 112 (51<bold>1</bold> per cent) developed a positive culture from sputum, wounds, blood or urine. A systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) developed in 139 patients (63<bold>5</bold> per cent), sepsis in 79 (36<bold>1</bold> per cent) and septic shock in 37 (16<bold>9</bold> per cent). Patients with a MBL2 exon 1 variant allele were more prone to positive wound cultures (odds ratio (OR) 2<bold>51</bold>, 95 per cent confidence interva ConclusionSeverely injured patients with SNPs in MBL2, MASP2Y371D and FCN2A258S of the lectin pathway of complement activation are significantly more susceptible to positive culture findings, and to infectious complications, SIRS and septic shock than patients with a wildtype genotype. Related to higher infection risk