Serial solidarity: The effects of experiences and expectations on the co-operative behaviour of employees

Two contrasting theoretical perspectives are frequently mentioned in discussions concerning the effects of temporary employment relationships on the co-operative behaviour of employees. According to the first perspective, temporary employees show less co-operative behaviour than permanent employees because they have a narrowly defined exchange relationship with the organization. The other approach holds that temporary employees are motivated to achieve a permanent contract and hence show more co-operative behaviour than permanent employees. In this paper, we argue that both theoretical approaches can be incorporated by focusing on the 'temporal embeddedness' of the relationships employees have with their co-workers. Temporal embeddedness refers to the experiences employees have had with co-workers in the past and the likelihood of future encounters with co-workers. We use two studies - a survey and a vignette study - to examine these temporal effects. The findings show that the co-operative behaviour of employees can indeed be explained by the temporal embeddedness of the relationships they have with their co-workers.