Social mobility by parent education and childhood overweight and obesity: a prospective cohort study

Background: The association of social mobility, measured by parent education and childhood overweight and obesity (OWOB) has been scarcely reported on. This study evaluated the associations between social mobility measured by parent education and childhood OWOB at child age 6 and 10 years. Methods: We analyzed data of 4030 children and parents participating in the Generation R study. We used generalized linear models controlling for potential confounders to determine if social mobility (upward mobility, static-low and static-high based on the change of parent education) was associated with age-and sex-specific standard deviation scores of body mass index (BMI-SDS) or OWOB (the cut-offs of International Obesity Task Force). Results: Mean BMI-SDS of the children was 0.2360.89 and 0.2661.03 at child age 6 and 10 years, respectively; the prevalence of OWOB increased from 15.2 to 17.4%. Compared with children from mothers in the upward mobility group, children from mothers in the static-high group had lower BMI-SDS and lower odds of OWOB at both ages (all P < 0.001). Compared with children from fathers in the upward mobility group, children from fathers in static-low group had higher BMI-SDS and higher odds of OWOB at both ages (all P < 0.05). Conclusions: Our study contributes to the literature by showing that the behaviors of parents' obtaining a higher level of education after the child was born may be beneficial to attenuate the odds of the child developing overweight in late childhood.