TY - JOUR
T1 - Suspected common bile duct stones
T2 - reduction of unnecessary ERCP by pre-procedural imaging and timing of ERCP
AU - Weiland, Christina J. Sperna
AU - Verschoor, Evelien C.
AU - the Dutch Pancreatitis Study Group
AU - Poen, Alexander C.
AU - Smeets, Xavier J. M. N.
AU - Venneman, Niels G.
AU - Bhalla, Abha
AU - Witteman, Ben J. M.
AU - Timmerhuis, Hester C.
AU - Umans, Devica S.
AU - van Hooft, Jeanin E.
AU - Bruno, Marco J.
AU - Fockens, P.
AU - Verdonk, Robert C.
AU - Drenth, Joost P. H.
AU - van Geenen, Erwin J. M.
N1 - Funding Information:
The study was funded by the Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZonMw; Grant Number 837001506) and the Radboud university medical center. ZonMw had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, or writing of the report.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, The Author(s).
PY - 2023/2
Y1 - 2023/2
N2 - Background: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is the procedure of choice to remove sludge/stones from the common bile duct (CBD). In a small but clinically important proportion of patients with suspected choledocholithiasis ERCP is negative. This is undesirable because of ERCP associated morbidity. We aimed to map the diagnostic pathway leading up to ERCP and evaluate ERCP outcome. Methods: We established a prospective multicenter cohort of patients with suspected CBD stones. We assessed the determinants that were associated with CBD sludge or stone detection upon ERCP. Results: We established a cohort of 707 patients with suspected CBD sludge or stones (62% female, median age 59 years). ERCP was negative for CBD sludge or stones in 155 patients (22%). Patients with positive ERCPs frequently had pre-procedural endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) or magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) imaging (44% vs. 35%; P = 0.045). The likelihood of ERCP sludge and stones detection was higher when the time interval between EUS or MRCP and ERCP was less than 2 days (odds ratio 2.35; 95% CI 1.25–4.44; P = 0.008; number needed to harm 7.7). Conclusions: Even in the current era of society guidelines and use of advanced imaging CBD sludge or stones are absent in one out of five ERCPs performed for suspected CBD stones. The proportion of unnecessary ERCPs is lower in case of pre-procedural EUS or MRCP. A shorter time interval between EUS or MRCP increases the yield of ERCP for suspected CBD stones and should, therefore, preferably be performed within 2 days before ERCP. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].
AB - Background: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is the procedure of choice to remove sludge/stones from the common bile duct (CBD). In a small but clinically important proportion of patients with suspected choledocholithiasis ERCP is negative. This is undesirable because of ERCP associated morbidity. We aimed to map the diagnostic pathway leading up to ERCP and evaluate ERCP outcome. Methods: We established a prospective multicenter cohort of patients with suspected CBD stones. We assessed the determinants that were associated with CBD sludge or stone detection upon ERCP. Results: We established a cohort of 707 patients with suspected CBD sludge or stones (62% female, median age 59 years). ERCP was negative for CBD sludge or stones in 155 patients (22%). Patients with positive ERCPs frequently had pre-procedural endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) or magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) imaging (44% vs. 35%; P = 0.045). The likelihood of ERCP sludge and stones detection was higher when the time interval between EUS or MRCP and ERCP was less than 2 days (odds ratio 2.35; 95% CI 1.25–4.44; P = 0.008; number needed to harm 7.7). Conclusions: Even in the current era of society guidelines and use of advanced imaging CBD sludge or stones are absent in one out of five ERCPs performed for suspected CBD stones. The proportion of unnecessary ERCPs is lower in case of pre-procedural EUS or MRCP. A shorter time interval between EUS or MRCP increases the yield of ERCP for suspected CBD stones and should, therefore, preferably be performed within 2 days before ERCP. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85138970182&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s00464-022-09615-x
DO - 10.1007/s00464-022-09615-x
M3 - Article
C2 - 36163565
SN - 0930-2794
VL - 37
SP - 1194
EP - 1202
JO - Surgical Endoscopy and Other Interventional Techniques
JF - Surgical Endoscopy and Other Interventional Techniques
IS - 2
ER -