The AIP-model as a theoretical framework for the treatment of personality disorders with EMDR therapy

Research has shown that the impact of traumatic events and circumstances on individuals is cumulative and potentially has a wide range of harmful
consequences, including negative consequences on mental health. One such consequence is the development of a personality disorder, a persistent
mental condition characterized by a pronounced pattern of difficulties in impulse control, emotional regulation, cognitive functions, self-esteem, and
interpersonal relationships. A wide array of studies indicates that the personal history of individuals with a personality disorder is often marked by exposure
to traumatic events or other types of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). Because existing treatments for personality disorders are usually long and costly,
it is essential to continue exploring alternative and complementary interventions. Nowadays, knowledge and clinical experience in regard to personality disorders
have been gained in addressing ACEs by processing memories of these events through eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy. In
this paper, we present a theoretical framework for this treatment approach, based on Shapiro’s Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) model, describe its
current empirical basis, and provide guidance on how to formulate a useful case conceptualization that can serve as a basis for the treatment of personality
disorders with EMDR therapy. This approach is illustrated with a case example.