Abstract
Background and aims: Canola oil (CO) is a plant-based oil with the potential to improve several cardiometabolic risk factors. We systematically reviewed controlled clinical trials investigating the effects of CO on lipid profiles, apo-lipoproteins, glycemic indices, inflammation, and blood pressure compared to other edible oils in adults. Methods and results: Online databases were searched for articles up to January 2020. Forty-two articles met the inclusion criteria. CO significantly reduced total cholesterol (TC, −0.27 mmol/l, n = 37), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C, −0.23 mmol/l, n = 35), LDL-C to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (LDL/HDL, −0.21, n = 10), TC/HDL (−0.13, n = 15), apolipoprotein B (Apo B, −0.03 g/l, n = 14), and Apo B/Apo A-1 (−0.02, n = 6) compared to other edible oils (P < 0.05). Compared to olive oil, CO decreased TC (−0.23 mmol/l, n = 9), LDL-C (−0.17 mmol/l, n = 9), LDL/HDL (−0.39, n = 2), and triglycerides in VLDL (VLDL-TG, −0.10 mmol/l, n = 2) (P < 0.05). Compared to sunflower oil, CO improved LDL-C (−0.14 mmol/l, n = 11), and LDL/HDL (−0.30, n = 3) (P < 0.05). In comparison with saturated fats, CO improved TC (−0.59 mmol/l, n = 11), TG (−0.08 mmol/l, n = 11), LDL-C (−0.49 mmol/l, n = 10), TC/HDL (−0.29, n = 5), and Apo B (−0.09 g/l, n = 4) (P < 0.05). Based on the nonlinear dose–response curve, replacing CO with ~15% of total caloric intake provided the greatest benefits. Conclusion: CO significantly improved different cardiometabolic risk factors compared to other edible oils. Further well-designed clinical trials are warranted to confirm the dose–response associations.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 2133-2145 |
| Number of pages | 13 |
| Journal | Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases |
| Volume | 30 |
| Issue number | 12 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 27 Nov 2020 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:The present systematic review was supported by the S tudent Research Committee, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences , Yazd, Iran.
Funding Information:
The present systematic review was supported by the Student Research Committee, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.MA, HRD, and ASA received funding to conduct the present study from the Student Research Committee, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. No other fund was received for the current study.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 The Italian Diabetes Society, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University
