The global prevalence and impact of steatotic liver disease and viral infections: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Jiajing Li, Jiahua Zhou, Pengfei Li, Yining Wang, Nathalie Ridderhof, Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq, Willem Pieter Brouwer, Kan Chen, Robert J. De Knegt, Maikel P. Peppelenbosch, Bettina E. Hansen, Maarten F.M. Engel, Ming Hua Zheng, Ziad A. Memish, Mohammed Eslam, Harry L.A. Janssen, Qiuwei Pan*, Ibrahim Ayada*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

10 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Background: 

Steatotic liver disease (SLD) affects 30% of adults worldwide. The global population is continuously threatened by epidemic and endemic viral diseases. This study aims to thoroughly examine the interaction between SLD and major viral diseases. 

Methods: 

We systematically searched databases from inception to April 2, 2024, for observational studies recording viral-infected adult patients with eligible data on the presence of hepatic steatosis. 

Results: 

Six hundred thirty-six eligible studies were included in the analysis of SLD prevalence. Among patients with monoinfections, the highest SLD prevalence was observed in those infected with HCV at 49% (95% CI: 47%-51%), followed by SARS-CoV-2 (39%, 95% CI [34%-44%]), HIV (39%, 95% CI [33%-44%]), and HBV (36%, 95% CI [32%-40%]). Additionally, co-infections, such as HCV-HIV and HBV-HCV, exhibit even higher SLD prevalence. The prevalence of steatohepatitis is particularly high in HIV-infected (24%, 95% CI: 17%-30%) and HCV-infected (18%, 95% CI: 13%-24%) populations. The co-existence of SLD with viral infections was associated not only with the progression of liver disease but also with more severe outcomes of the infections and poorer responses to antiviral treatment. The combination of cardiometabolic risk factors and viral-associated and host factors contributes to the higher risk of SLD in viral-infected populations. 

Conclusions: 

SLD is highly prevalent in viral-infected populations, and the reciprocal interactions between SLD and viral diseases exacerbate both conditions, leading to poorer patient outcomes in general.

Original languageEnglish
Article numbere0689
JournalHepatology Communications
Volume9
Issue number5
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - May 2025

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2025 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases.

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'The global prevalence and impact of steatotic liver disease and viral infections: A systematic review and meta-analysis'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this