TY - JOUR
T1 - The global prevalence and impact of steatotic liver disease and viral infections
T2 - A systematic review and meta-analysis
AU - Li, Jiajing
AU - Zhou, Jiahua
AU - Li, Pengfei
AU - Wang, Yining
AU - Ridderhof, Nathalie
AU - Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A.
AU - Brouwer, Willem Pieter
AU - Chen, Kan
AU - De Knegt, Robert J.
AU - Peppelenbosch, Maikel P.
AU - Hansen, Bettina E.
AU - Engel, Maarten F.M.
AU - Zheng, Ming Hua
AU - Memish, Ziad A.
AU - Eslam, Mohammed
AU - Janssen, Harry L.A.
AU - Pan, Qiuwei
AU - Ayada, Ibrahim
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2025 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases.
PY - 2025/5
Y1 - 2025/5
N2 - Background: Steatotic liver disease (SLD) affects 30% of adults worldwide. The global population is continuously threatened by epidemic and endemic viral diseases. This study aims to thoroughly examine the interaction between SLD and major viral diseases. Methods: We systematically searched databases from inception to April 2, 2024, for observational studies recording viral-infected adult patients with eligible data on the presence of hepatic steatosis. Results: Six hundred thirty-six eligible studies were included in the analysis of SLD prevalence. Among patients with monoinfections, the highest SLD prevalence was observed in those infected with HCV at 49% (95% CI: 47%-51%), followed by SARS-CoV-2 (39%, 95% CI [34%-44%]), HIV (39%, 95% CI [33%-44%]), and HBV (36%, 95% CI [32%-40%]). Additionally, co-infections, such as HCV-HIV and HBV-HCV, exhibit even higher SLD prevalence. The prevalence of steatohepatitis is particularly high in HIV-infected (24%, 95% CI: 17%-30%) and HCV-infected (18%, 95% CI: 13%-24%) populations. The co-existence of SLD with viral infections was associated not only with the progression of liver disease but also with more severe outcomes of the infections and poorer responses to antiviral treatment. The combination of cardiometabolic risk factors and viral-associated and host factors contributes to the higher risk of SLD in viral-infected populations. Conclusions: SLD is highly prevalent in viral-infected populations, and the reciprocal interactions between SLD and viral diseases exacerbate both conditions, leading to poorer patient outcomes in general.
AB - Background: Steatotic liver disease (SLD) affects 30% of adults worldwide. The global population is continuously threatened by epidemic and endemic viral diseases. This study aims to thoroughly examine the interaction between SLD and major viral diseases. Methods: We systematically searched databases from inception to April 2, 2024, for observational studies recording viral-infected adult patients with eligible data on the presence of hepatic steatosis. Results: Six hundred thirty-six eligible studies were included in the analysis of SLD prevalence. Among patients with monoinfections, the highest SLD prevalence was observed in those infected with HCV at 49% (95% CI: 47%-51%), followed by SARS-CoV-2 (39%, 95% CI [34%-44%]), HIV (39%, 95% CI [33%-44%]), and HBV (36%, 95% CI [32%-40%]). Additionally, co-infections, such as HCV-HIV and HBV-HCV, exhibit even higher SLD prevalence. The prevalence of steatohepatitis is particularly high in HIV-infected (24%, 95% CI: 17%-30%) and HCV-infected (18%, 95% CI: 13%-24%) populations. The co-existence of SLD with viral infections was associated not only with the progression of liver disease but also with more severe outcomes of the infections and poorer responses to antiviral treatment. The combination of cardiometabolic risk factors and viral-associated and host factors contributes to the higher risk of SLD in viral-infected populations. Conclusions: SLD is highly prevalent in viral-infected populations, and the reciprocal interactions between SLD and viral diseases exacerbate both conditions, leading to poorer patient outcomes in general.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=105002798207&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1097/HC9.0000000000000689
DO - 10.1097/HC9.0000000000000689
M3 - Article
C2 - 40227096
AN - SCOPUS:105002798207
SN - 2471-254X
VL - 9
JO - Hepatology Communications
JF - Hepatology Communications
IS - 5
M1 - e0689
ER -