The impact of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine on adaptive and innate immune responses

Konstantin Föhse; Büsra Geckin; Martijn Zoodsma; Gizem Kilic; Zhaoli Liu; Rutger J. Röring; Gijs J. Overheul; Josephine van de Maat; Ozlem Bulut; Jacobien J. Hoogerwerf; Jaap ten Oever; Elles Simonetti; Heiner Schaal; Ortwin Adams; Lisa Müller; Philipp Niklas Ostermann; Frank L. van de Veerdonk; Leo A.B. Joosten; Bart L. Haagmans; Reinout van Crevel; Ronald P. van Rij; Corine GeurtsvanKessel; Marien I. de Jonge; Yang Li; Jorge Domínguez-Andrés; Mihai G. Netea

doi:10.1016/j.clim.2023.109762

The impact of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine on adaptive and innate immune responses

Konstantin Föhse, Büsra Geckin, Martijn Zoodsma, Gizem Kilic, Zhaoli Liu, Rutger J. Röring, Gijs J. Overheul, Josephine van de Maat, Ozlem Bulut, Jacobien J. Hoogerwerf, Jaap ten Oever, Elles Simonetti, Heiner Schaal, Ortwin Adams, Lisa Müller, Philipp Niklas Ostermann, Frank L. van de Veerdonk, Leo A.B. Joosten, Bart L. Haagmans, Reinout van CrevelRonald P. van Rij, Corine GeurtsvanKessel, Marien I. de Jonge, Yang Li, Jorge Domínguez-Andrés, Mihai G. Netea^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Virology

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

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Abstract

The mRNA-based BNT162b2 protects against severe disease and mortality caused by SARS-CoV-2 via induction of specific antibody and T-cell responses. Much less is known about its broad effects on immune responses against other pathogens. Here, we investigated the adaptive immune responses induced by BNT162b2 vaccination against various SARS-CoV-2 variants and its effects on the responsiveness of immune cells upon stimulation with heterologous stimuli. BNT162b2 vaccination induced effective humoral and cellular immunity against SARS-CoV-2 that started to wane after six months. We also observed long-term transcriptional changes in immune cells after vaccination. Additionally, vaccination with BNT162b2 modulated innate immune responses as measured by inflammatory cytokine production after stimulation - higher IL-1/IL-6 release and decreased IFN-α production. Altogether, these data expand our knowledge regarding the overall immunological effects of this new class of vaccines and underline the need for additional studies to elucidate their effects on both innate and adaptive immune responses.

Original language	English
Article number	109762
Journal	Clinical Immunology
Volume	255
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2023.109762
Publication status	Published - Oct 2023

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
L.A.B.J. is supported by a Competitiveness Operational Program Grant of the Romanian Ministry of European Funds (HINT, ID P_37_762 ; MySMIS 103587 ). J.D-A. is supported by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (VENI grant 09150161910024 and Off-Road grant 04510012010022 ). M.G.N. is supported by an ERC Advanced Grant (#833247 ) and a Spinoza Grant of the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research . Y.L. is supported by an ERC Starting Grant ( 948207 ) and a Hypatia Grant of Radboud University Medical Centre .

Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Authors

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The impact of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine on adaptive and innate immune responsesFinal published version, 6.17 MBLicence: CC BY

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Föhse, K., Geckin, B., Zoodsma, M., Kilic, G., Liu, Z., Röring, R. J., Overheul, G. J., van de Maat, J., Bulut, O., Hoogerwerf, J. J., ten Oever, J., Simonetti, E., Schaal, H., Adams, O., Müller, L., Ostermann, P. N., van de Veerdonk, F. L., Joosten, L. A. B., Haagmans, B. L., ... Netea, M. G. (2023). The impact of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine on adaptive and innate immune responses. Clinical Immunology, 255, Article 109762. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2023.109762

@article{8e13126d45d7495f90951dd4ff699a74,

title = "The impact of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine on adaptive and innate immune responses",

abstract = "The mRNA-based BNT162b2 protects against severe disease and mortality caused by SARS-CoV-2 via induction of specific antibody and T-cell responses. Much less is known about its broad effects on immune responses against other pathogens. Here, we investigated the adaptive immune responses induced by BNT162b2 vaccination against various SARS-CoV-2 variants and its effects on the responsiveness of immune cells upon stimulation with heterologous stimuli. BNT162b2 vaccination induced effective humoral and cellular immunity against SARS-CoV-2 that started to wane after six months. We also observed long-term transcriptional changes in immune cells after vaccination. Additionally, vaccination with BNT162b2 modulated innate immune responses as measured by inflammatory cytokine production after stimulation - higher IL-1/IL-6 release and decreased IFN-α production. Altogether, these data expand our knowledge regarding the overall immunological effects of this new class of vaccines and underline the need for additional studies to elucidate their effects on both innate and adaptive immune responses.",

author = "Konstantin F{\"o}hse and B{\"u}sra Geckin and Martijn Zoodsma and Gizem Kilic and Zhaoli Liu and R{\"o}ring, {Rutger J.} and Overheul, {Gijs J.} and {van de Maat}, Josephine and Ozlem Bulut and Hoogerwerf, {Jacobien J.} and {ten Oever}, Jaap and Elles Simonetti and Heiner Schaal and Ortwin Adams and Lisa M{\"u}ller and Ostermann, {Philipp Niklas} and {van de Veerdonk}, {Frank L.} and Joosten, {Leo A.B.} and Haagmans, {Bart L.} and {van Crevel}, Reinout and {van Rij}, {Ronald P.} and Corine GeurtsvanKessel and {de Jonge}, {Marien I.} and Yang Li and Jorge Dom{\'i}nguez-Andr{\'e}s and Netea, {Mihai G.}",

note = "Funding Information: L.A.B.J. is supported by a Competitiveness Operational Program Grant of the Romanian Ministry of European Funds (HINT, ID P_37_762 ; MySMIS 103587 ). J.D-A. is supported by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (VENI grant 09150161910024 and Off-Road grant 04510012010022 ). M.G.N. is supported by an ERC Advanced Grant (#833247 ) and a Spinoza Grant of the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research . Y.L. is supported by an ERC Starting Grant ( 948207 ) and a Hypatia Grant of Radboud University Medical Centre . Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 The Authors",

year = "2023",

month = oct,

doi = "10.1016/j.clim.2023.109762",

language = "English",

volume = "255",

journal = "Clinical Immunology",

issn = "1521-6616",

publisher = "Academic Press",

}

Föhse, K, Geckin, B, Zoodsma, M, Kilic, G, Liu, Z, Röring, RJ, Overheul, GJ, van de Maat, J, Bulut, O, Hoogerwerf, JJ, ten Oever, J, Simonetti, E, Schaal, H, Adams, O, Müller, L, Ostermann, PN, van de Veerdonk, FL, Joosten, LAB, Haagmans, BL, van Crevel, R, van Rij, RP, GeurtsvanKessel, C, de Jonge, MI, Li, Y, Domínguez-Andrés, J & Netea, MG 2023, 'The impact of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine on adaptive and innate immune responses', Clinical Immunology, vol. 255, 109762. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2023.109762

TY - JOUR

T1 - The impact of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine on adaptive and innate immune responses

AU - Föhse, Konstantin

AU - Geckin, Büsra

AU - Zoodsma, Martijn

AU - Kilic, Gizem

AU - Liu, Zhaoli

AU - Röring, Rutger J.

AU - Overheul, Gijs J.

AU - van de Maat, Josephine

AU - Bulut, Ozlem

AU - Hoogerwerf, Jacobien J.

AU - ten Oever, Jaap

AU - Simonetti, Elles

AU - Schaal, Heiner

AU - Adams, Ortwin

AU - Müller, Lisa

AU - Ostermann, Philipp Niklas

AU - van de Veerdonk, Frank L.

AU - Joosten, Leo A.B.

AU - Haagmans, Bart L.

AU - van Crevel, Reinout

AU - van Rij, Ronald P.

AU - GeurtsvanKessel, Corine

AU - de Jonge, Marien I.

AU - Li, Yang

AU - Domínguez-Andrés, Jorge

AU - Netea, Mihai G.

N1 - Funding Information: L.A.B.J. is supported by a Competitiveness Operational Program Grant of the Romanian Ministry of European Funds (HINT, ID P_37_762 ; MySMIS 103587 ). J.D-A. is supported by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (VENI grant 09150161910024 and Off-Road grant 04510012010022 ). M.G.N. is supported by an ERC Advanced Grant (#833247 ) and a Spinoza Grant of the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research . Y.L. is supported by an ERC Starting Grant ( 948207 ) and a Hypatia Grant of Radboud University Medical Centre . Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Authors

PY - 2023/10

Y1 - 2023/10

N2 - The mRNA-based BNT162b2 protects against severe disease and mortality caused by SARS-CoV-2 via induction of specific antibody and T-cell responses. Much less is known about its broad effects on immune responses against other pathogens. Here, we investigated the adaptive immune responses induced by BNT162b2 vaccination against various SARS-CoV-2 variants and its effects on the responsiveness of immune cells upon stimulation with heterologous stimuli. BNT162b2 vaccination induced effective humoral and cellular immunity against SARS-CoV-2 that started to wane after six months. We also observed long-term transcriptional changes in immune cells after vaccination. Additionally, vaccination with BNT162b2 modulated innate immune responses as measured by inflammatory cytokine production after stimulation - higher IL-1/IL-6 release and decreased IFN-α production. Altogether, these data expand our knowledge regarding the overall immunological effects of this new class of vaccines and underline the need for additional studies to elucidate their effects on both innate and adaptive immune responses.

AB - The mRNA-based BNT162b2 protects against severe disease and mortality caused by SARS-CoV-2 via induction of specific antibody and T-cell responses. Much less is known about its broad effects on immune responses against other pathogens. Here, we investigated the adaptive immune responses induced by BNT162b2 vaccination against various SARS-CoV-2 variants and its effects on the responsiveness of immune cells upon stimulation with heterologous stimuli. BNT162b2 vaccination induced effective humoral and cellular immunity against SARS-CoV-2 that started to wane after six months. We also observed long-term transcriptional changes in immune cells after vaccination. Additionally, vaccination with BNT162b2 modulated innate immune responses as measured by inflammatory cytokine production after stimulation - higher IL-1/IL-6 release and decreased IFN-α production. Altogether, these data expand our knowledge regarding the overall immunological effects of this new class of vaccines and underline the need for additional studies to elucidate their effects on both innate and adaptive immune responses.

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DO - 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109762

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SN - 1521-6616

VL - 255

JO - Clinical Immunology

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The impact of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine on adaptive and innate immune responses

Abstract

Bibliographical note

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