Timing and type of adverse life events: Impact on substance use among high-risk adolescents

Milan Zarchev; Astrid M. Kamperman; Hanan El Marroun; Anthony Bloemendaal; Cornelis L. Mulder; Witte J.G. Hoogendijk; Nina H. Grootendorst-Van Mil

doi:10.1017/S095457942300086X

Timing and type of adverse life events: Impact on substance use among high-risk adolescents

Milan Zarchev, Astrid M. Kamperman, Hanan El Marroun, Anthony Bloemendaal, Cornelis L. Mulder, Witte J.G. Hoogendijk, Nina H. Grootendorst-Van Mil^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

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Abstract

A robust association has been reported between childhood adverse life events (ALEs) and risky substance use in adolescence. It remains unclear, however, what the impact of type and timing of these ALEs is. We investigated the association between ALEs and substance use in adolescents. ALEs were operationalized as broad (e.g., moving, parental divorce, family sickness) or physically threatening (physical and/or sexual abuse). First, we examined lifetime ALEs, followed by an investigation into their timing. The sample consisted of 909 adolescents (aged 12-18 years) from a cohort oversampled on high levels of emotional and behavioral problems. The primary caregiver indicated which ALEs each adolescent experienced across their lifetime. Adolescents self-reported on number and frequency of substances used. Poisson and ordinal regression models were used to model the associations. The associations between lifetime ALEs and a substance used were observed only for physical ALEs (incidence rate ratio 1.18 [1.03, 1.35], p = 0.02). When investigating timing, physical ALEs after the age of 12 predicted number of substances used (IRR 1.36 [1.13, 1.63], p <.001). Recent ALEs (occurring after age 12) seem to have considerable impact on substance use. Alcohol and drugs as a coping mechanism were considered a plausible explanation for the results.

Original language	English
Journal	Development and Psychopathology
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1017/S095457942300086X
Publication status	E-pub ahead of print - 31 Jul 2023

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The iBerry Study is funded by the Erasmus University Medical Center and the following institutes of mental health care (GGz): Parnassia Psychiatric Institute Antes, GGz Breburg, GGz Delfland, GGz Westelijk Noord-Brabant, and Yulius. All funding organizations participate in the Epidemiological and Social Psychiatric Research Institute, a consortium of academic and nonacademic research groups. HM was supported by Stichting Volksbond Rotterdam, NARSAD Young Investigator Grant 27853 from the Brain & Behavior Research Foundation, Aspasia grant 015.016.056 from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research. The sponsors had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; and decision to submit the manuscript for publication

Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press.

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title = "Timing and type of adverse life events: Impact on substance use among high-risk adolescents",

abstract = "A robust association has been reported between childhood adverse life events (ALEs) and risky substance use in adolescence. It remains unclear, however, what the impact of type and timing of these ALEs is. We investigated the association between ALEs and substance use in adolescents. ALEs were operationalized as broad (e.g., moving, parental divorce, family sickness) or physically threatening (physical and/or sexual abuse). First, we examined lifetime ALEs, followed by an investigation into their timing. The sample consisted of 909 adolescents (aged 12-18 years) from a cohort oversampled on high levels of emotional and behavioral problems. The primary caregiver indicated which ALEs each adolescent experienced across their lifetime. Adolescents self-reported on number and frequency of substances used. Poisson and ordinal regression models were used to model the associations. The associations between lifetime ALEs and a substance used were observed only for physical ALEs (incidence rate ratio 1.18 [1.03, 1.35], p = 0.02). When investigating timing, physical ALEs after the age of 12 predicted number of substances used (IRR 1.36 [1.13, 1.63], p <.001). Recent ALEs (occurring after age 12) seem to have considerable impact on substance use. Alcohol and drugs as a coping mechanism were considered a plausible explanation for the results.",

author = "Milan Zarchev and Kamperman, {Astrid M.} and {El Marroun}, Hanan and Anthony Bloemendaal and Mulder, {Cornelis L.} and Hoogendijk, {Witte J.G.} and {Grootendorst-Van Mil}, {Nina H.}",

note = "Funding Information: The iBerry Study is funded by the Erasmus University Medical Center and the following institutes of mental health care (GGz): Parnassia Psychiatric Institute Antes, GGz Breburg, GGz Delfland, GGz Westelijk Noord-Brabant, and Yulius. All funding organizations participate in the Epidemiological and Social Psychiatric Research Institute, a consortium of academic and nonacademic research groups. HM was supported by Stichting Volksbond Rotterdam, NARSAD Young Investigator Grant 27853 from the Brain & Behavior Research Foundation, Aspasia grant 015.016.056 from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research. The sponsors had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; and decision to submit the manuscript for publication Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press.",

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doi = "10.1017/S095457942300086X",

language = "English",

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AU - Zarchev, Milan

AU - Kamperman, Astrid M.

AU - El Marroun, Hanan

AU - Bloemendaal, Anthony

AU - Mulder, Cornelis L.

AU - Hoogendijk, Witte J.G.

AU - Grootendorst-Van Mil, Nina H.

N1 - Funding Information: The iBerry Study is funded by the Erasmus University Medical Center and the following institutes of mental health care (GGz): Parnassia Psychiatric Institute Antes, GGz Breburg, GGz Delfland, GGz Westelijk Noord-Brabant, and Yulius. All funding organizations participate in the Epidemiological and Social Psychiatric Research Institute, a consortium of academic and nonacademic research groups. HM was supported by Stichting Volksbond Rotterdam, NARSAD Young Investigator Grant 27853 from the Brain & Behavior Research Foundation, Aspasia grant 015.016.056 from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research. The sponsors had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; and decision to submit the manuscript for publication Publisher Copyright: © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press.

PY - 2023/7/31

Y1 - 2023/7/31

N2 - A robust association has been reported between childhood adverse life events (ALEs) and risky substance use in adolescence. It remains unclear, however, what the impact of type and timing of these ALEs is. We investigated the association between ALEs and substance use in adolescents. ALEs were operationalized as broad (e.g., moving, parental divorce, family sickness) or physically threatening (physical and/or sexual abuse). First, we examined lifetime ALEs, followed by an investigation into their timing. The sample consisted of 909 adolescents (aged 12-18 years) from a cohort oversampled on high levels of emotional and behavioral problems. The primary caregiver indicated which ALEs each adolescent experienced across their lifetime. Adolescents self-reported on number and frequency of substances used. Poisson and ordinal regression models were used to model the associations. The associations between lifetime ALEs and a substance used were observed only for physical ALEs (incidence rate ratio 1.18 [1.03, 1.35], p = 0.02). When investigating timing, physical ALEs after the age of 12 predicted number of substances used (IRR 1.36 [1.13, 1.63], p <.001). Recent ALEs (occurring after age 12) seem to have considerable impact on substance use. Alcohol and drugs as a coping mechanism were considered a plausible explanation for the results.

AB - A robust association has been reported between childhood adverse life events (ALEs) and risky substance use in adolescence. It remains unclear, however, what the impact of type and timing of these ALEs is. We investigated the association between ALEs and substance use in adolescents. ALEs were operationalized as broad (e.g., moving, parental divorce, family sickness) or physically threatening (physical and/or sexual abuse). First, we examined lifetime ALEs, followed by an investigation into their timing. The sample consisted of 909 adolescents (aged 12-18 years) from a cohort oversampled on high levels of emotional and behavioral problems. The primary caregiver indicated which ALEs each adolescent experienced across their lifetime. Adolescents self-reported on number and frequency of substances used. Poisson and ordinal regression models were used to model the associations. The associations between lifetime ALEs and a substance used were observed only for physical ALEs (incidence rate ratio 1.18 [1.03, 1.35], p = 0.02). When investigating timing, physical ALEs after the age of 12 predicted number of substances used (IRR 1.36 [1.13, 1.63], p <.001). Recent ALEs (occurring after age 12) seem to have considerable impact on substance use. Alcohol and drugs as a coping mechanism were considered a plausible explanation for the results.

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U2 - 10.1017/S095457942300086X

DO - 10.1017/S095457942300086X

M3 - Article

C2 - 37519039

AN - SCOPUS:85166743606

SN - 0954-5794

JO - Development and Psychopathology

JF - Development and Psychopathology

ER -

Timing and type of adverse life events: Impact on substance use among high-risk adolescents

Abstract

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